Uburyo nyamukuru bwo gukora: icyuma kizengurutse → kongera gusuzuma → gukuramo → gusibanganya → hagati → gushyushya → gutobora → gusiga → umutwe ugororotse → kugenzura no gusya → gukonjesha (gushushanya ukonje) → gukuramo amavuta → gutunganya ubushyuhe → kugorora → gukata imiyoboro (bidahinduka kugeza ku burebure) ) → gusiga/gushyiramo umwuka → igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa ryarangiye (umuyoboro w’amazi, ikoranabuhanga rya ultrasonic, umuvuduko w’amazi) → gupakira no kubika.

1. Gukata icyuma kizunguruka: Nyuma yo kwakira icyuma kizunguruka mu bubiko bw'ibikoresho fatizo, banza ubare uburebure bw'icyuma kizunguruka ukurikije ibisabwa mu gikorwa, hanyuma ushushanye umurongo ku cyuma kizunguruka. Ibyuma bishyirwa hamwe hakurikijwe urwego rw'icyuma, imibare y'ubushyuhe, imibare y'umusaruro n'ibipimo, kandi impera z'aho bitandukaniye n'amabara atandukanye.

2. Gushyira hagati: Mu gihe ushyira hagati imashini icukura, banza ushake aho hagati mu gice cy'icyuma kizengurutse, utobore umwobo w'icyitegererezo, hanyuma uwushyire uhagaze ku meza y'imashini icukura kugira ngo ushyire hagati. Uduti tw'uruziga nyuma yo gushyira hagati dushyirwa hamwe hakurikijwe urwego rw'icyuma, umubare w'ubushyuhe, ibisobanuro n'umubare w'umusaruro.

3. Gukata: gukata bikorwa nyuma yo gusuzuma ibikoresho byinjira. Gukata birimo gukata imashini no gukata imashini. Gukata imashini bikorwa ku mashini hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyitunganya hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kuyikata hakoreshejwe icyuma kimwe n'igice cyo hejuru, naho gukata imashini ni ugushyira icyuma kizengurutse ku gikoresho cy'imashini. Gukata imashini.

4. Igenzura ry'ubuso: Igenzura ry'ubuziranenge bw'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma gihanaguwe rirakorwa, kandi inenge ziriho zigashyirwa ahagaragara, kandi abakozi bagisya bazagisya kugeza igihe cyujuje ibisabwa. Uduti tw'uruziga twatsinze igenzura turundanywa ukwatwo hakurikijwe urwego rw'icyuma, umubare w'ubushyuhe, ibisobanuro n'umubare w'umusaruro.

5. Gushyushya icyuma kizunguruka: Ibikoresho bishyushya icyuma kizunguruka birimo itanura ry’umuriro ushyushye rikoresha gazi n’itanura ry’ubwoko bwa gaze. Itanura ry’umutima rikoresha gazi rikoreshwa mu gushyushya mu byiciro binini, naho itanura ry’ubwoko bwa gaze rikoreshwa mu gushyushya mu byiciro bito. Iyo winjira mu itanura, utubari tw’uruziga tw’ubwoko butandukanye bw’icyuma, imibare y’ubushyuhe n’ibipimo byaryo bitandukanyijwe n’icyuma cyo hanze gishaje. Iyo utubari tw’uruziga dushyushye, utubari dukoresha ibikoresho byihariye kugira ngo duhindukize utubari kugira ngo utubari tw’uruziga dushyushye neza.

6. Gutobora bishyushye: koresha icyuma cyo gutobora n'icyuma gikonjesha umwuka. Dukurikije amabwiriza y'icyuma kizunguruka gifite imyobo, hatoranywa ibyuma biyobora n'udupira twa molybdenum, hanyuma icyuma gishyushye gitobora hakoreshejwe icyuma gitobora, kandi imiyoboro y'imyanda itobora igashyirwa muri pisine mu buryo butunguranye kugira ngo ikonje neza.

7. Igenzura n'isya: Genzura ko ubuso bw'imbere n'inyuma bw'umuyoboro w'imyanda buroroshye kandi bunoze, kandi ko nta ruhu rw'indabyo, imiyoboro, ahantu hahurira, imyobo miremire, ibimenyetso bikomeye by'imigozi, icyuma cy'umunara, fritters, imitwe ya Baotou n'imihoro. Ubusembwa bw'umuyoboro w'imyanda bushobora gukurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusya bwo mu gace. Imiyoboro y'imyanda yatsinze igenzura cyangwa iyatsinze igenzura nyuma yo gusana no gusya ifite ubusembwa buto igomba guhuzwa n'ibikoresho byo mu iduka hakurikijwe ibisabwa, kandi igashyirwa hamwe hakurikijwe urwego rw'icyuma, inomero y'itanura, ibisobanuro n'umubare w'umusaruro w'umuyoboro w'imyanda.

8. Kugorora: Imiyoboro y'imyanda yinjira mu igorora iba ipakiye mu mifuka. Imiterere y'umuyoboro w'imyanda yinjira iragoramye kandi igomba kugorora. Ibikoresho byo kugorora ni imashini igorora ihagaze, imashini igorora ihagaze hamwe n'icyuma gikanda gihagaze (gikoreshwa mu kugorora mbere yo kugorora iyo umuyoboro w'icyuma ufite imiterere minini). Kugira ngo wirinde ko umuyoboro w'icyuma usimbuka mu gihe cyo kugorora, hakoreshwa agakoresho ka nylon kugira ngo umuyoboro w'icyuma ugabanuke.

9. Gukata imiyoboro: Dukurikije gahunda yo kuyitunganya, umuyoboro w'imyanda ugororotse ugomba gucibwa umutwe n'umurizo, kandi ibikoresho bikoreshwa ni imashini isya ibiziga.

10. Guteka: Umuyoboro w'icyuma ugororotse ugomba guterwamo ibinure kugira ngo ukureho ingano ya okiside n'imyanda iri hejuru y'umuyoboro w'imyanda. Umuyoboro w'icyuma utekerwa mu icupa ry'imyanda, maze umuyoboro w'icyuma ukazamurwa buhoro buhoro mu kigega cy'imyanda kugira ngo utekerwemo ibinure binyuze mu gutwara.

11. Gusya, kugenzura endoskopi no gusiga imbere: imiyoboro y'icyuma yujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gusya yinjira mu nzira yo gusya inyuma, imiyoboro y'icyuma ikozwe mu buryo bwa endoskopi igenzurwa, kandi ibicuruzwa cyangwa inzira zitujuje ibisabwa bigomba gusigwa imbere.

12. Uburyo bwo gushushanya ibintu bikonje/gukonjesha

Gutembagara mu buryo bukonje: Umuyoboro w'icyuma utembagara mu buryo bukonje, kandi ingano n'uburebure by'umuyoboro w'icyuma bihinduka bitewe n'ubukonje bukomeza.

Igishushanyo gikonje: Umuyoboro w'icyuma urashyuha kandi ugashyirwa ku rukuta hakoreshejwe imashini ikora ikanakonjesha idashyushye kugira ngo ihindure ingano n'uburebure bw'umuyoboro w'icyuma. Umuyoboro w'icyuma ukonje urimo ubuziranenge bwo hejuru kandi utunganye neza. Ingorane ni uko imbaraga zisigaye ari nini, kandi imiyoboro minini ikonje ikoreshwa kenshi, kandi umuvuduko wo gukora ibicuruzwa uragabanuka. Uburyo bwihariye bwo gushushanya bukonje burimo:

① Umutwe wo gusudira: Mbere yo gushushanya ahantu hakonje, impera imwe y'umuyoboro w'icyuma igomba kuba iyobowe (umuyoboro muto w'icyuma) cyangwa umutwe wo gusudira (umuyoboro munini w'icyuma) kugira ngo bitegure igikorwa cyo gushushanya, kandi umuyoboro muto w'icyuma ugomba gushyushywa hanyuma ugashyirwa ku murongo.

② Gusiga amavuta no guteka: Mbere yo gukurura umuyoboro w'icyuma nyuma y'umutwe (umutwe wo gusudira), umwobo w'imbere n'inyuma by'umuyoboro w'icyuma bigomba gusigwa amavuta, kandi umuyoboro w'icyuma usizwe amavuta ugomba kumanurwa mbere yo gukurura.

③ Gushushanya ukonje: Umuyoboro w'icyuma umaze kuma, amavuta y'umushongi yinjira mu gushushanya ukonje, kandi ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gushushanya ukonje ni imashini ikora ubukonje n'imashini ikora ubukonje ya hydraulic.

13. Gukuraho amavuta: Intego yo gukuraho amavuta ni ugukuraho amavuta azunguruka afatanye n'urukuta rw'imbere n'inyuma rw'umuyoboro w'icyuma nyuma yo kuyasukura, kugira ngo hirindwe kwanduza ubuso bw'icyuma mu gihe cyo gukurura no gukumira kwiyongera kwa karuboni.

14. Gutunganya ubushyuhe: Gutunganya ubushyuhe bigarura imiterere y'ibikoresho binyuze mu kongera gukoresha imashini kandi bigabanya ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'ihindagurika ry'icyuma. Ibikoresho byo gutunganya ubushyuhe ni itanura rikoreshwa mu gutunganya ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe gazi karemano.

15. Gutunganya ibikoresho byarangiye: Imiyoboro y'icyuma imaze gukatwa ishyirwa mu buryo bwo gutunganya kugira ngo ihindure ubuso, kugira ngo habeho agace gakingira okiside ku buso bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma kandi kongere imikorere myiza y'imiyoboro y'icyuma.

16. Igenzura ry’ibicuruzwa rirangiye: Inzira nyamukuru yo kugenzura no gusuzuma ibicuruzwa birangiye ni igenzura rya metero → isuzuma rya eddy → isuzuma rya super probe → umuvuduko w’amazi → umuvuduko w’umwuka. Igenzura ry’ubuso rigamije ahanini kugenzura n’intoki niba hari inenge ku buso bw’umuyoboro w’icyuma, niba uburebure bw’umuyoboro w’icyuma n’ingano y’urukuta rwo hanze byemewe; isuzuma rya eddy rikoresha cyane cyane icyuma gipima ubushyuhe bwa eddy kugira ngo kirebe niba hari icyuho mu muyoboro w’icyuma; isuzuma rya super-detection rikoresha cyane cyane icyuma gipima ubushyuhe cya ultrasonic kugira ngo kirebe niba umuyoboro w’icyuma wacitse imbere cyangwa inyuma; umuvuduko w’amazi, umuvuduko w’umwuka ni ugukoresha imashini ya hydraulic n’imashini ipima ubushyuhe bw’umwuka kugira ngo kimenye niba umuyoboro w’icyuma usohoka amazi cyangwa umwuka, kugira ngo kimenye neza ko umuyoboro w’icyuma umeze neza.

17. Gupakira no kubika: Imiyoboro y'icyuma yarangije igenzura yinjira mu gice cyo gupakiramo ibicuruzwa byarangiye. Ibikoresho bikoreshwa mu gupakira birimo imigozi y'imyobo, imifuka ya pulasitiki, igitambaro cy'uruhu rw'inzoka, imbaho ​​z'ibiti, imikandara y'icyuma kidashonga, nibindi. Igice cyo hanze cy'impande zombi z'umuyoboro w'icyuma gipfunyitse gitwikiriwe n'imbaho ​​nto z'ibiti, kandi igice cyo hanze gihambirwa n'imikandara y'icyuma kidashonga kugira ngo hirindwe ko imiyoboro y'icyuma ihura mu gihe cyo kuyitwara kandi igatera impanuka. Imiyoboro y'icyuma ipfunyitse yinjira mu gice cyo gupakiramo ibicuruzwa byarangiye.