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Umuyoboro w'icyuma udafite umugozi wa API 5CT T95 – Icyuma gikomeye cya karuboni ku masoko ya peteroli na gaze
| Umuyoboro w'icyuma utagira umushongi wa API 5CT T95 Ibisobanuro birambuye by'ibicuruzwa | |
| Amanota | T95 |
| Urwego rw'Ibisobanuro | PSL1 / PSL2 |
| Ingano y'umurambararo wo hanze | 4 1/2" – 20" (114.3mm – 508mm) |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta (Gahunda) | Ubunini busanzwe bwa SCH 40, SCH 80, SCH 160, XXH, API |
| Ubwoko bw'Inganda | Nta muvuduko |
| Ubwoko bw'Impera | Impera Isanzwe (PE), Ifite imigozi n'udupira (TC), Ifite imigozi (pin & agasanduku) |
| Intera y'uburebure | 5.8m – 12.2m (ishobora guhindurwa) |
| Ingofero zo Kwirinda | Ingofero za plastiki / Rubber / Iz'ibiti |
| Ubuvuzi bw'ubuso | Irangi ry'umukara, risanzwe, ririnda ingese, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Uburemere bwa beto) CRA Ipfutse cyangwa irangi |
| Umutungo | Icyiciro cya T95 |
| Ibikubiye mu binyabutabire (wt%) | |
| Karuboni (C) | 0.35 – 0.45 |
| Manganese (Mn) | 0.30 – 1.20 |
| Fosifore (P) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Sulfure (S) | ≤ 0.030 |
| Nickel (Ni) | ≤ 0.40 |
| Chromium (Cr) | ≤ 0.35 |
| Molybdenum (Mo) | ≤ 0.15 |
| Umuringa (Cu) | ≤ 0.40 |
| Imiterere ya mekanike | |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (iminota) | 655 MPa (95 ksi) |
| Imbaraga zo Gufata | 758 - 931 MPa (110 - 135 ksi) |
| Uburebure (ubugari, % muri 2" cyangwa 50mm) | 20% |
Imbonerahamwe y'ingano y'icyuma kidakora neza cya API 5CT T95
| Ingano y'inyuma (muri / mm) | Ubunini bw'urukuta (muri / mm) | Gahunda / Intera | Ibitekerezo |
| 4 1/2" (114.3 mm) | 0.337" – 0.500" (8.56 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 5" (127.0 mm) | 0.362" – 0.500" (9.19 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 5 1/2" (139.7 mm) | 0.375" – 0.531" (9.53 – 13.49 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 6 5/8" (168.3 mm) | 0.432" – 0.625" (10.97 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 7" (177.8 mm) | 0.500" – 0.625" (12.7 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 8 5/8" (219.1 mm) | 0.500" – 0.750" (12.7 – 19.05 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 9 5/8" (244.5 mm) | 0.531" – 0.875" (13.49 – 22.22 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 10 3/4" (273.1 mm) | 0.594" – 0.937" (15.08 – 23.8 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 13 3/8" (339.7 mm) | 0.750" – 1.125" (19.05 – 28.58 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 16" (406.4 mm) | 0.844" – 1.250" (21.44 – 31.75 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 20" (508 mm) | 1.000" – 1.500" (25.4 – 38.1 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
Kanda kuri buto iri iburyo
PSL1 = Urwego rw'ibanze, ikwiriye amariba asanzwe ya peteroli, ifite ibisabwa byo gupima no kugenzura bike kandi ihendutse.
PSL2 = Urwego rwo hejuru, ikoreshwa mu mariba ya peteroli mu bihe bikomeye, hamwe n'ibisabwa bikomeye ku miterere ya shimi, imiterere ya mekanike, no kugenzura ubuziranenge.
| Ikiranga | PSL1 | PSL2 |
| Ibikoresho bya shimi | Igenzura ry'ibanze | Gucunga neza |
| Imiterere ya mekanike | Umusaruro usanzwe n'umuvuduko uhoraho | Gukomera no gukomera bikomeye |
| Isuzuma | Ibizamini bisanzwe | Ibizamini by'inyongera na NDE |
| Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge | Ibibazo by'ibanze (QA) | Gukurikirana byuzuye no gusuzuma neza ibibazo by'ibizamini |
| Ikiguzi | Hasi | Hejuru |
| Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha | Amariba asanzwe | Amariba afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'amariba maremare |
Incamake:
Imiyoboro ya API 5CT T95 y'icyuma kidakora ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikorwa bikomeye by'amariba ya peteroli na gazi aho imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera, no kwizerwa ari ingenzi cyane.
| Agace ko gusaba | Ibisobanuro |
| Igisanduku cy'amazi y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze | Ikoreshwa nk'igisenge gikomeye cyane ku mariba maremare n'amaremare cyane kugira ngo ishyigikire ubuziranenge bw'imiyoboro y'amazi mu gihe cy'umuvuduko n'ubushyuhe bwinshi. |
| Imiyoboro ya peteroli na gaze | Ikora nk'imiyoboro yo gucukura peteroli na gaze, igenzura ko amazi atwarwa neza kandi mu buryo bwizewe. |
| Ibikorwa byo gucukura | Ishyigikira gucukura ahantu habi, harimo n'amariba afite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi (HPHT). |
| Amariba yo mu mazi maremare n'ay'inyanja | Ni byiza cyane mu mazi yo mu nyanja no mu nyanja bitewe n'imbaraga nyinshi zo gukurura no kurwanya ingese. |
| Amariba afite umuvuduko mwinshi n'ubushyuhe bwinshi | Bikwiriye mu bihe bikomeye aho imiyoboro isanzwe idashobora kwihanganira ubushyuhe n'imbaraga za mekanike. |
GUTEGURA IBIKORESHO BY'IMBUTO
Guhitamo ibyuma bya karuboni byiza cyane.
Kugenzura imiterere y'ibinyabutabire kugira ngo byuzuze ibisabwa mu rwego rwa T95.
GUSHYUHA
Ibice by'ibumba bishyushya mu itanura ku bushyuhe bukwiye bwo gucura (ubusanzwe 1150–1250°C).
GUTOBORA NO KUZUNGURUTSA
Ibice bishyushye bitoborwa kugira ngo bikoremo igikonoshwa cy'ubusa.
Hanyuma ibikonoshwa bizunguruka hakoreshejwe icyuma gisya umuyoboro kidakora neza kugira ngo bigere ku murambararo w'inyuma (OD) n'ubugari bw'urukuta byifuzwa.
INGANO N'IGABANYUKA RYA MBERE
Imiyoboro inyuzwa mu nganda zigabanya uburyo bwo gukurura kugira ngo ihuze n'ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira ubunini bw'inkuta n'uburyo bwo kuzigama.
UBUVUZI BW'UBUSHYUHE
Kuzimya no gushyushya kugira ngo hagerwe ku miterere ikenewe ya mekanike (imbaraga zo gukurura, imbaraga zo gukuraho, ubukana, n'ubukomere).
KUGORORA NO GUTEKA
Imiyoboro iragororwa kandi igacibwa ku burebure busanzwe (metero 6–12) cyangwa uburebure bugenwa n'umukiriya. Imiyoboro y'agaciro (NC, LTC, cyangwa imigozi yihariye) irakorwa mu mashini iyo bibaye ngombwa.
IBIPIMO BITARI BYANGIRIYE (NDT)
Uburyo nk'ibizamini bya ultrasound (UT) n'igenzura ry'uduce twa magnetic particles (MPI) bifasha mu gukora neza imiterere y'icyuma kandi nta nenge zirimo.
GUPAKA NO KOHEREZA
Imiyoboro ihambirwa hamwe, irinzwe n'igitambaro kirwanya ingese, kandi ipakiye kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gutwara (ikwiriye koherezwa mu bigega cyangwa mu buryo bwinshi).
Ubufasha bwo mu gace k'Ubuhinde mu rurimi rw'Icyesipanyoli: Ibiro byacu byo mu gace ka Madrid bitanga serivisi z'inzobere mu rurimi rw'Icyesipanyoli bitanga inzira yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bworoshye kandi bitanga ubunararibonye bwiza ku bakiriya muri Amerika yo Hagati n'iy'Amajyepfo.
Ibicuruzwa biboneka: Izewe Dufite umuyoboro w'icyuma mwinshi ku ntoki kugira ngo tubashe kuzuza ibyo mwatumije vuba kugira ngo tubashe kurangiza umushinga ku gihe.
Gupfunyika neza: Buri muyoboro upfundikirwa ukwawo kandi ugafungwa n'udupira two gupfunyikamo uduce tw'udupira, kandi upfundikirwa n'umufuka wa pulasitiki, umuyoboro ntushobora kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika mu gihe cyo kuwutwara, ibi bizatuma umutekano w'umusaruro ukomeza kuba mwiza.
Gutanga serivisi byihuse kandi binoze: Dutanga serivisi zo kugeza ibicuruzwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga zijyanye na gahunda y'umushinga wawe hamwe no gutanga ibicuruzwa ku gihe byizewe kandi bishyigikiwe n'ibikoresho bikomeye. Amagambo ahinnye ya SEO Yakozwe neza: Inkunga ivuga Icyesipanyoli, serivisi yo mu gace, ububiko bw'imiyoboro y'icyuma, kwemeza ko bipakiye, gutanga ibicuruzwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, Amerika yo hagati, ubwikorezi bw'umutekano, imicungire y'imishinga
Gupakira no kohereza imiyoboro y'ibyuma byiza muri Amerika yo Hagati
Gupakira neza: Imiyoboro yacu y'icyuma ipakiye neza mu mapaki y'ibiti ya IPPC ajyanye n'amabwiriza yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga muri Amerika yo Hagati. Buri paki ifite membrane y'ibice bitatu idapfa amazi kugira ngo irwanye ikirere gishyushye cy'ubushyuhe, mu gihe imigozi ya plastiki irinda ivumbi n'ibintu byo hanze kugera mu miyoboro. Imitwaro ni toni 2 kugeza kuri 3 zikwirakwira mu byuma bito nk'ibyo bikoreshwa cyane mu mirimo y'ubwubatsi muri ako gace.
Amahitamo y'uburebure bwihariye: Uburebure busanzwe ni metero 12, bushobora gutwarwa byoroshye hakoreshejwe kontineri. Ushobora kandi kubona uburebure bugufi bwa metero 10 cyangwa metero 8 bitewe n'imbogamizi zo gutwara ibintu ku butaka mu bihugu nka Gwatemala na Hondurasi.
Inyandiko yuzuye na serivisi: Tuzatanga inyandiko zose zikenewe kugira ngo byoroshye kwinjiza ibicuruzwa nko icyemezo cy’umwimerere cya Espagne (fomu B), icyemezo cy’ibikoresho bya MTC, raporo ya SGS, urutonde rw’ibipakiwe hamwe n’inyemezabwishyu y’ubucuruzi. Inyandiko zitari zo zizakosorwa kandi zongere zoherezwe mu masaha 24 kugira ngo habeho igenzura ryiza.
Kohereza no gutwara ibintu byizewe: Iyo ibicuruzwa birangiye, ibicuruzwa bihabwa umucuruzi udafite aho abogamiye ubitwara ku butaka no mu nyanja. Igihe gisanzwe cyo kubitwara ni iki:
Ubushinwa → Panama (Icyambu cya Kolone): iminsi 30
Ubushinwa→Mexico (Icyambu cya Manzanillo): iminsi 28
Ubushinwa → Kosita Rika Kosita Rika (Icyambu cya Limon): iminsi 35
Dutanga kandi serivisi zo gutwara ibinyabiziga mu buryo bwihuse kuva ku cyambu kugera ku butaka bw’ibikomoka kuri peteroli cyangwa aho bwubakwa, dukorana n’abafatanyabikorwa bo mu gace nka TMM muri Panama kugira ngo dushobore gutunganya neza ubwikorezi bw’ibinyabiziga mu buryo bwa nyuma.
1. Ese imiyoboro yawe ya API 5CT T95 idafite umushongi w'icyuma ikurikiza amahame agezweho asabwa ku isoko rya Amerika?
Yego rwose. Imiyoboro yacu ya API 5CT T95 ifite icyuma kidakora ihuye neza n’uburyo bugezweho bwa API 5CT (Igitabo cya 10), ari na yo ngenderwaho yemewe kandi ikurikizwa muri Amerika, harimo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, Kanada na Amerika y'Epfo.
Nanone bikorwa hakurikijwe ibi bikurikira:
- ISO 11960 – Ibisobanuro mpuzamahanga ku bijyanye n'aho bashyira isanduku n'aho bashyira imashini
- API Q1 / ISO 9001 – Sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge
- NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156 – Serivisi idasabwa kubahiriza ku bijyanye no kwirinda kwa H₂S
- Amategeko agenga akarere nka NOM (Mexique) n'ibisabwa mu karere k'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu muri Panama
Impamyabushobozi zose (API 5CT Monogram License, ISO 9001, NACE compliance, MTRs) zirakurikiranwa kandi zigagenzurwa binyuze mu bubiko bwemewe bw’amakuru.
2. Nigute wahitamo urwego rwa API 5CT rukwiye ku isumo ryanjye rya peteroli/gaze (urugero, J55/K55 vs N80 vs T95)?
Guhitamo urwego rukwiye biterwa ahanini n'ubujyakuzimu bw'iriba ryawe, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko w'amazi, n'ibidukikije byangiza:
J55 / K55
Ni byiza cyane ku mariba magufi afite umuvuduko muto kandi nta ngaruka za H₂S; ni amahitamo ahendutse.
N80 (Ubwoko N / Ubwoko Q)
Ikwiriye amariba y'ubujyakuzimu buringaniye afite umuvuduko uringaniye kandi akomeye neza.
T95
Bisabwa ku mariba maremare, imiterere y'umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi (HPHT), cyangwa ahantu haterwa n'ingese ya CO₂ / H₂S.
T95 itanga imbaraga nyinshi zo gutanga umusaruro (~655 MPa), ubukana bwiza cyane, kandi ikora neza mu gihe cy'umuvuduko ukabije.
L80 / C90 / P110
Ku bikorwa byihariye bisaba imbaraga nyinshi cyangwa kurwanya ingese byihariye.
Itsinda ryacu ry’abahanga rishobora gutanga inama ku buntu yo guhitamo amanota hakurikijwe ibipimo by’iriba ryawe (ubujyakuzimu, ubushyuhe, umuvuduko, imiterere y’aho rikorera, n’igishushanyo mbonera cy’aho rikorera).
Amakuru y'aho uherereye
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
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