Kuramo Ibisobanuro Bigezweho by'Umugozi w'Icyuma n'Ingano.
Ibikoresho bya GB Standard Q195, Q215, Q235, Q275, Q345 by'ibyuma by'ubwubatsi bya karuboni – Icyuma gikomeye kandi cyoroshye gutunganya mu bwubatsi no mu mashini
Kugereranya imiterere y'ibinyabutabire by'ibyuma by'izuba bisanzwe bya karuboni (%)
| Ibikoresho | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Ibisobanuro |
| Q195 | 0.12-0.20 | ≤0.30 | 0.30-0.60 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 | Icyuma gito cya karuboni: gifite imbaraga nke, cyoroshye gutunganya |
| Q215 | 0.12-0.20 | ≤0.30 | 0.30-0.60 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 | Icyuma cya karuboni gikoreshwa muri rusange: imbaraga ziringaniye |
| Q235 | 0.14-0.22 | ≤0.30 | 0.30-0.70 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 | Icyuma gikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi: ubushobozi bwo gusudira neza |
| Q275 | 0.16-0.22 | ≤0.30 | 0.30-0.80 | ≤0.045 | ≤0.045 | Icyuma giciriritse cya karuboni: gifite imbaraga nyinshi, kibereye ibice bitwara imizigo |
| Q345 | 0.18-0.20 | ≤0.50 | 1.00-1.50 | ≤0.035 | ≤0.035 | Icyuma gikomeye kandi gikozwe mu buryo bwa aloyi nke: kibereye inyubako nini n'ibiraro |
Inyandiko:
1. Ingano nke ya P na S yatumye icyuma kirushaho kugenda neza no gukomera.
2.Q345 ni ubwoko bw'icyuma gifite imbaraga nkeya, byose bifite imbaraga nyinshi kurusha Q235 na Q275.
3. Kongera ingano ya karuboni mu cyuma byongera ubukana ariko nanone byongera ubushobozi bwo gukora.
Imbonerahamwe yo kugereranya imiterere ya mekanike y'ibyuma by'izuba bisanzwe bya karuboni mu gihugu
| Ibikoresho | Ingufu z'umusaruro σ y (MPa) | Imbaraga zo gukurura σ b (MPa) | Uburebure δ5 (%) | Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha |
| Q195 | 195 | 315-430 | ≥26 | Ibice by'imiterere bifite imbaraga nke n'ibice bya mekanike |
| Q215 | 215 | 345-480 | ≥25 | Ibice rusange by'imiterere ya mekanike n'inyubako zoroheje |
| Q235 | 235 | 375-500 | ≥23 | Inyubako, ibiraro, n'ibice by'imashini |
| Q275 | 275 | 410-540 | ≥21 | Inyubako zitwara imizigo iciriritse n'ibice by'imashini z'ubuhanga |
| Q345 | 345 | 470-630 | ≥20 | Ibiraro, amato, inyubako ziremereye, n'ibikoresho bikomeye bitwara imizigo |
Ibisobanuro byuzuye by'icyuma gikozwe mu byuma by'ibumba bya karuboni (Q195–Q345)
| Ingano (mm / muri) | Uburebure (m / ft) | Uburemere kuri Metero (kg/m2) | Ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bugera kuri kg | Inyandiko |
| 20 mm / 0.79 inches | metero 6 / metero 20 | 2.56 kg/m | 750–950 | |
| 25 mm / 0.98 inches | metero 6 / metero 20 | 3.99 kg/m | 1.050–1.350 | Uburyo bwo gusudira bwiza, ikoreshwa mu nyubako |
| 30 mm / 1.18 inches | metero 6 / metero 20 | 5.76 kg/m | 1.600–2.000 | Imiterere rusange n'ubuhanga |
| mm 32 / 1.26 inches | metero 12 / metero 40 | 6.16 kg/m | 2,000–2,400 | Ubwubatsi bw'imirimo iciriritse |
| 40 mm / 1.57 inches | metero 6 / metero 20 | 9.95 kg/m | 2,700–3,200 | Imashini n'imitako by'inganda |
| 50 mm / 1.97 inches | metero 6–12 / metero 20–40 | 15.52 kg/m | 4,000–4,700 | Ibice bitwara imizigo |
| 60 mm / 2.36 inches | metero 6–12 / metero 20–40 | 22.34 kg/m | 5,500–6,200 |
Kanda kuri buto iri iburyo
| Icyiciro cyo Guhindura | Amahitamo | Ibisobanuro / Inyandiko |
| Ingano | Ingano, Uburebure | Ingano: Ø10–Ø100 mm (ishobora guhindurwa); Uburebure: 6 m / 12 m cyangwa ikagabanywa hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'umushinga |
| Gutunganya | Gukata, Gushyiramo insinga, Kuzigonda, Gutunganya | Uduti dushobora gucibwa, gukosorwa, gutoborwa, gucukurwa no gukorerwa imashini hakurikijwe igishushanyo cyangwa ibisabwa mu ikoreshwa. |
| Ubuvuzi bw'ubuso | Umukara, Urimo ibinure n'amavuta, Urimo irangi, Urimo irangi | Hitamo ikoreshwa imbere cyangwa hanze kandi irwanya ingese. |
| Kugororoka no Kwihanganirana | Igipimo / Ubuziranenge | Ubuhanga bwo kugororoka no kwihanganira ibintu mu buryo bungana bushobora kugenzurwa iyo ubisabye |
| Gushyiramo ikimenyetso no gupakira | Ibirango byihariye, Umubare w'ubushyuhe, ipaki yo kohereza mu mahanga | Ibirango: ingano, urwego (ASTM A572 Urwego 50), inomero y'ubushyuhe; bipfunyitse mu byuma bihambiriye imigozi, ni byiza cyane mu kohereza amakontenari cyangwa mu biro bigezwa mu gace utuyemo. |
Inyandiko zongewe ku gihamya:
Icyuma gito cy’uruziga (mm 6–25): gikoreshwa mu bice bya mekanike, bolti, n’ibice by’umugozi;
Icyuma giciriritse gifite uruziga (25–200mm): gikoreshwa cyane mu nyubako, ibiraro n'ibice by'imashini z'ubuhanga;
Q345 ni icyuma gito gifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi gifite ubushobozi bwo gutwara imizigo bwinshi kurusha Q235 na Q275, gikoreshwa mu gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi;
Amakuru ari mu mbonerahamwe akurikije ibipimo bya GB/T 699-1999 (Icyuma cy’ubwubatsi cya karuboni) na GB/T 700-2006 (Icyuma gifite imbaraga nkeya).
Inkunga z'inyubako
Imiringa, inkingi, ibyuma bifasha mu gupfunyika, udukingirizo, n'ibindi bintu bitwara imizigo bikeneye imbaraga n'uburambe.
Inyubako n'Ibyuma
Inyubako zoroheje kugeza ku ziremereye ku nganda, ibiraro, amaduka, ububiko n'ibindi bikoresho by'ubwubatsi bifitanye isano.
Ibice by'imashini n'ibikoresho
Amakaramu, imitako, imigozi n'ibice bya mekanike bisaba imbaraga no kuramba.
Ibikoresho by'ibyuma bikozwe mu byuma
Ibyuma byo gusudira n'amasahani byometseho ubudodo bigamije ubwubatsi, inganda n'ibikorwa rusange.
1. Uburyo bwo gupakira
Gupfunyika no Gufunga Ibyuma bihambirwa mu mapfundo hakurikijwe ingano n'uburebure byabyo hakoreshejwe imishumi y'icyuma cyangwa ya pulasitiki, kugira ngo byoroshye gutwara, gupakira no gupakurura.
Inkunga y'amapaleti y'ibiti: Imigozi y'icyuma iri hagati kugeza ku nini ishyigikiwe n'amapaleti y'ibiti kugira ngo hirindwe ko umugozi ushobora guhindagurika cyangwa kugorama.
Ntibishobora guhumeka no kwangirika: Igice cyo hejuru giterwa amavuta arwanya ingese cyangwa kigafungwa n'agapira karinda ubushuhe. Imiti igabanya ubushuhe ishyirwa mu dupfunyika kugira ngo ikingire ubushuhe n'ingese mu gihe cyo kuyitwara.
Guhindura: Gukata uburebure, kurinda amaboko, cyangwa gupfunyika byihariye iyo abakiriya babisabye.
2. Uburyo bwo gutwara abantu
Ubwikorezi bwo mu muhanda: Ni bwiza kujyanwa ahantu hagufi cyangwa kugeza aho bubaka.
Inkingi z'icyuma zihambiriwe neza kugira ngo zidahita zigwa cyangwa ngo zigwe ku buryo zigera aho zigomba kugera.
Gutwara abantu muri gari ya moshi: Bikoreshwa mu gutwara ibyuma kure ku bwinshi.
Gutwara imizigo yuzuye y'ikamyo, imigozi yo gushyigikira, imigozi y'icyuma yo gushyiraho imizigo yuzuye y'ikamyo, imigozi yo gushyigikira imizigo yuzuye y'ikamyo yo gushyiraho imizigo yuzuye y'ikamyo, imigozi yo gushyigikira imizigo yuzuye y'ikamyo.
Ubwikorezi bwo mu Nyanja: Bwujuje ibisabwa mu kohereza ibyuma mu mahanga / gukwirakwiza ibintu byinshi mu ntera ndende.
Amakontena, imizigo myinshi cyangwa amakontena afunguye - dushobora guhindura uburyo ibintu bishyirwamo bitewe n'imiterere y'imizigo yawe n'icyambu ugiyemo.
3. Ibyiza
Uduti tw'icyuma turashyuha, tugasukurwa n'amazi, tukamishwa, tugasigwa amavuta hanyuma tugapfunyikwa n'ibipapuro byinshi mbere yuko kaseti zipfunyitse zifata byose hamwe.
Amapaki atandukanye y'ubwikorezi ahuriza hamwe imikorere myiza n'umutekano mu bijyanye n'ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu no ku isi.
Ubufatanye buhamye n'ibigo by'ubwikorezi nka MSK, MSC, COSCO, uruhererekane rwa serivisi z'ubwikorezi mu buryo bunoze, uruhererekane rwa serivisi z'ubwikorezi ni byo bikunyura.
Dukurikiza amahame ngenderwaho ya sisitemu yo gucunga ubuziranenge ya ISO9001 mu bikorwa byose, kandi dufite ubuyobozi bukomeye kuva ku kugura ibikoresho byo gupfunyika kugeza ku ngengabihe y'imodoka zitwara. Ibi bitanga icyizere cy'uko imirasire ya H-beams iva mu ruganda kugeza aho umushinga uzabera, bikagufasha kubaka ku rufatiro rukomeye rw'umushinga udafite ibibazo!
1. Ni gute wabona ikiguzi cy'ibyuma?
Ushobora kutwandikira ukoresheje ubutumwa kuri interineti, imeri, cyangwa telefoni. Tuzaguha ibiciro n'amakuru yo kubitanga vuba bishoboka.
2. Ushobora gutanga ingero?
Birumvikana. Ingero akenshi ziba ari ubuntu (ingano nto cyangwa ingano nto). Dushobora kandi gukora dukurikije ingero cyangwa ibishushanyo by'abakiriya.
3. Ni ibihe bipimo ngenderwaho n'ibikoresho by'ibyuma bikoreshwa?
Igipimo ngenderwaho cy'Abashinwa (GB): Q195, Q215, Q235, Q275, Q345
Ibipimo ngenderwaho by'i Burayi (EN): C15, C22, C45, 42CrMo4
Amabwiriza Ngenderwaho y'Abanyamerika (ASTM/AISI): 1018, 1045, 4140
Ibikoresho bikwiye bishobora gutoranywa hakurikijwe ibisabwa n'umushinga.
4. Igihe cyo gutanga ibikoresho by'icyuma ni ikihe?
Ibicuruzwa biri mu bubiko: Ubusanzwe iminsi 3-7 yo kubigeza
Gukora ibintu byihariye: Ubusanzwe iminsi 15-30 yo kubigeza, bitewe n'ibikoresho, umurambararo, n'uburebure
5. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo kwishyura?
Uburyo busanzwe bwo kwishyura: T/T (kohereza kuri telefoni), PayPal iraboneka mu duce tumwe na tumwe. 6. Ese imigozi y'icyuma ishobora gukatwa cyangwa guhindurwa kugira ngo igere ku burebure?
Yego. Dutanga serivisi zo gukata no guhinduranya ibyo ukeneye, kandi dushobora no gutanga uburyo bwo kuvura ubuso nko gusiga irangi, gusiga irangi, no gusiga amavuta yo kwirinda ingese.
7. Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gutwara ibyuma?
Ubwikorezi mu muhanda: Gutanga serivisi mu ntera ngufi cyangwa mu gihe cyo kuhagera
Ubwikorezi bwa gari ya moshi: Ubwikorezi buciriritse kuva ku ntera iri hagati kugeza kure
Ubwikorezi bwo mu mazi: Kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga cyangwa ibicuruzwa birebire
Gupfunyika bikomeye, birinda ubushuhe kandi ntibigwamo ingese, bituma bigezwa mu buryo butekanye.
8. Ni gute ubuziranenge bw'imigozi y'icyuma bwemezwa?
Bikozwe hakurikijwe amahame y'igihugu (GB), amahame y'i Burayi (EN), n'amahame y'Abanyamerika (ASTM)
Icyemezo cy'ibikoresho (Impamyabushobozi y'ikizamini cya Mill, MTC) cyatanzwe
Igenzura ry’ibipimo, imiterere y’imashini, n’ubuso ryakozwe mbere yo kuva mu ruganda.
Amakuru y'aho uherereye
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Terefone
Amasaha
Kuwa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivisi y'amasaha 24










