Niba ushaka kumenya byinshi kubirimo, kanda buto iburyo
Iterambere ryinganda zinganda
Inganda z’Ubushinwa Zifungura Igihe gishya cyo Guhinduka
Wang Tie, umuyobozi w’ishami ry’isoko rya Carbone mu ishami ry’imihindagurikire y’ibihe muri Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije, yahagaze kuri podium y’Ihuriro mpuzamahanga ryo mu 2025 ryerekeye kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere mu nganda zikoreshwa mu bwubatsi maze atangaza ko inganda eshatu z’ibyuma, sima na aluminiyumu zizatangira imirimo ya mbere yo gutanga imyuka ihumanya ikirere no kuyitunganya no kuyubahiriza. Iyi politiki izongerwaho toni miliyari 3 za gaze karuboni ihwanye n’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere, byongere umubare w’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bigenzurwa n’isoko ry’igihugu cya karubone kuva kuri 40% bikagera kuri 60% by’igihugu cyose.
Politiki n'amabwiriza atwara impinduka zicyatsi
1.Inganda zibyuma kwisi ziri hagati ya revolution ituje. Mugihe isoko rya karubone mu Bushinwa ryagutse, hiyongereyeho ibice 1500 by'ingenzi by’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere hiyongereyeho amasosiyete 2200 y’amashanyarazi, hamwe n’amasosiyete akora ibyuma. Minisiteri y’ibidukikije n’ibidukikije yasabye mu buryo bweruye ibigo gushimangira inshingano z’inshingano, gukora akazi keza mu micungire y’ubuziranenge bw’amakuru, no gushyiraho gahunda y’ubumenyi yo kurangiza kwota umwaka urangiye.
2. Umuvuduko wa politiki urimo guhinduka imbaraga zo guhindura inganda. Mu kiganiro n’abanyamakuru n’inama y’igihugu, Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho yashimangiye ko ihinduka ry’icyatsi kibisi ry’inganda gakondo rigomba kuba iyambere, kandi inganda z’ibyuma ziza ku mwanya wa mbere mu nganda enye z’ingenzi. Inzira yihariye yarasobanuwe: kongera umubare wibyuma bishaje mubikoresho fatizo, hagamijwe kongera iki gipimo kugera kuri 22% muri 2027.
3. Politiki mpuzamahanga nayo ivugurura imiterere yinganda. Icyatsi kibisi cyiburayi kirasunika ibigo byibyuma guhindukirira tekinoroji ya karubone nkeya nkingufu za hydrogen; Ubuhinde burashaka kugera ku ntego z’umusaruro wa toni miliyoni 300 muri 2030 binyuze muri politiki y’ibyuma. Ikarita y’ubucuruzi bw’ibyuma ku isi yarasubiwemo, kandi inzitizi z’imisoro n’uburinzi bwo mu karere byihutishije iyubakwa ry’akarere mu rwego rwo gutanga amasoko.
4.Mu Karere ka Xisaishan, Intara ya Hubei, 54 idasanzweibyumaibigo biri hejuru yubunini bwabigenewe byubaka urusobe rwibinyabuzima rugera kuri miliyari 100. Imashini ya Fucheng yagabanije gukoresha ingufu 20% binyuze muburyo bwo gutunganya neza ubwenge, kandi ibicuruzwa byayo byoherezwa muri Koreya yepfo no mubuhinde. Imikoranire hagati yubuyobozi bwa politiki nigikorwa cyibigo ni uguhindura imiterere yimiterere nubukungu bwubukungu bwibyuma.
Guhanga udushya, Kurenga Imipaka yimikorere yibikoresho
1.Iterambere mubikoresho siyanse irenga imipaka yimikorere yicyuma. Muri Nyakanga 2025, Ikigo cya Chengdu Institute of Advanced Metal Materials cyatangaje ipatanti y "uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwo kunoza imikorere y’ubushyuhe buke bw’imikorere ya martensitike ishaje idafite ibyuma". Mugucunga neza 830-870 solution ubushyuhe buke bukomeye hamwe na 460-485 process uburyo bwo kuvura gusaza, ikibazo cyo kwinjiza ibyuma mubidukikije bikabije cyakemutse.
2.Ibintu byinshi bishya biva mubikorwa byisi bidasanzwe. Ku ya 14 Nyakanga, Umuryango w'Abashinwa Rare Earth Society wasuzumye ibyavuye muri "Rare Earth Rosion ResistantIbyuma bya CarboneUmushinga w'ikoranabuhanga mu guhanga udushya no mu nganda "Itsinda ry'impuguke riyobowe na Academic Gan Yong ryemeje ko ikoranabuhanga ryageze ku" rwego mpuzamahanga ruyoboye ".
3. Itsinda rya Professeur Dong Han muri kaminuza ya Shanghai ryerekanye uburyo bunoze bwo kurwanya ruswa bw’ubutaka budasanzwe buhindura imiterere y’imisemburo, kugabanya ingufu z’imbibi no guteza imbere ishyirwaho ry’ingese. Iri terambere ryongereye ruswa yo kwangirika kwicyuma gisanzwe cya Q235 na Q355 ku gipimo cya 30% -50%, mugihe hagabanijwe ikoreshwa ryibihe gakondo 30%.
4.Ke intambwe yatewe kandi mubushakashatsi no guteza imbere ibyuma birwanya umutingito. Umutingitoicyuma gishyushyegishya cyatunganijwe na Ansteel Co., Ltd gikora igishushanyo kidasanzwe (Cu: 0.5% -0.8%, Cr: 2% -4%, Al: 2% -3%), kandi kigera ku mikorere y’imitingito ifite agaciro ka δ≥0.08 binyuze mu ikoranabuhanga risesuye ry’ubushyuhe, ritanga garanti nshya y’ibikoresho byo kubungabunga umutekano.
5.Mu rwego rwibyuma bidasanzwe, Daye Special Steel hamwe n’ikigo cy’ubushakashatsi cy’ubushakashatsi bw’Ubushinwa n’Ubushinwa bafatanyije kubaka Laboratwari y’igihugu y’ibanze y’icyuma cyihariye, kandi moteri y’indege shitingi nyamukuru ifite ibyuma byakozwe na yo yatsindiye igihembo cya CITIC Group Science and Technology Award. Udushya twagiye twongera ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibyuma bidasanzwe by’Ubushinwa ku isoko ryo hejuru ku isi.
Urwego rwohejuru rwicyuma cyihariye, Inkingi Nshya Yubushinwa
1.Ubushinwa budasanzwe bwo gukora ibyuma bingana na 40% byisi yose, ariko impinduka nyayo iri mukuzamura ireme. Mu 2023, Ubushinwa umusaruro w’icyuma udasanzwe wo mu rwego rwo hejuru uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 51.13, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 7%; muri 2024, umusaruro wibyuma byose by’inganda zidasanzwe zo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu gihugu hose bizagera kuri toni miliyoni 138. Inyuma yo kwiyongera kwijwi, byimbitse ni ukuzamura imiterere yinganda.
2.Imijyi itanu yo mu majyepfo ya Jiangsu yakoze cluster nini nini ku isi. Ibyuma bidasanzwe hamwe n’ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru bivangwa n’ibikoresho bya Nanjing, Wuxi, Changzhou n’ahandi bizagira agaciro kangana na miliyari 821.5 y’amayero mu 2023, umusaruro wa toni zigera kuri miliyoni 30, bingana na 23.5% by’umusaruro w’icyuma udasanzwe mu gihugu. Inyuma yiyi mibare hari impinduka zujuje ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa - kuva ibyuma bisanzwe byubaka kugeza kumurima wongerewe agaciro nkibishishwa bishya bya batiri, amashanyarazi, hamwe nimbaraga za kirimbuzi zifite ingufu nyinshi.
3.Kuyobora imishinga iyobora impinduka. Hamwe nubushobozi bwa buri mwaka bwa toni miliyoni 20 zibyuma bidasanzwe, CITIC Special Steel yubatse matrike yuzuye yo mu rwego rwo hejuru binyuze mu kuvugurura ingamba nko kugura TianjinUmuyoboro w'icyuma. Baosteel Co., Ltd. yakomeje gutera intambwe mu byuma bya silikoni yerekanwe hamwe n’ibyuma bikomeye, kandi izashyira ahagaragara ibicuruzwa bine byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byoherejwe na silikoni ku isi hose mu 2024.
4ibyumaisoko. Ibimaze kugerwaho byerekana ubwihindurize bw’inganda zidasanzwe z’Ubushinwa kuva "gukurikira" kugeza "kwiruka ku rundi" hanyuma ukajya "kuyobora" mu turere tumwe na tumwe.
Uruganda rwa Zeru-karubone nubukungu bwizunguruka, Kuva mubitekerezo kugeza mubikorwa
1.Icyuma kibisi kigenda kiva mubitekerezo kijya mubyukuri. Umushinga wa Zhenshi Group wo mu Burasirazuba udasanzwe ukoresha tekinoroji yuzuye yo gutwika umwuka wa ogisijeni kugira ngo ugabanye ingufu za gaze isanzwe y’itanura ry’ubushyuhe hakoreshejwe ibyuma 8Nm³ / t, mu gihe bivanaho uburyo bwo kubuza abantu ibyuka bihumanya ikirere. Icy'ingenzi cyane, uburyo bushya bwo gukoresha ingufu - guhuza sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za 50MW / 200MWh hamwe n’amashanyarazi yagabanijwe kugira ngo hubakwe "isoko-ububiko-umutwaro" uhuza umuyoboro w’amashanyarazi w’icyatsi.
2.Ubukungu bwizunguruka burimo kwihuta mu nganda zibyuma. Gukoresha uburyo bwogukora ibyuma bigufi bikora imyanda ikomeye hamwe na chromium irimo imyanda itunganya imyanda ituma ibyuma bidasanzwe byo mu burasirazuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa "ultra-low" ibyuka bihumanya ikirere (4mg / Nm³) muri Jiaxing. Muri Hubei, Zhenhua Chemical yashoye miliyoni 100 yuan kubaka uruganda rwubwenge, igera kuri buri mwaka igabanuka rya karuboni toni 120.000; Urugomero rw'amashanyarazi rwa Xisai rwazigamye toni 32.000 z'amakara binyuze mu guhindura tekinike.
3.Digitalisation yabaye umuvuduko wo guhindura icyatsi. Xingcheng Steel idasanzwe yabaye "uruganda rwamatara" rwa mbere mu nganda zidasanzwe z’ibyuma ku isi, kandi Nangang Co., Ltd yageze ku guhuza ibikoresho, sisitemu n’amakuru binyuze ku rubuga rwa interineti rw’inganda6. Hubei Hongrui Ma Isosiyete Nshya Yibikoresho byahinduye imibare, kandi abakozi barashobora gucunga ibicuruzwa, kubara no kugenzura ubuziranenge bakoresheje ecran ya elegitoroniki. Nyuma yo guhinduka, agaciro k'isosiyete agaciro kiyongereyeho hejuru ya 20%.
4.Akarere ka Xisaishan yashyize mu bikorwa gahunda yo guhinga gahoro gahoro "guteza imbere no gutezimbere amabwiriza - umwihariko no guhanga udushya - nyampinga umwe - gukora icyatsi". Hariho imishinga 20 yo ku rwego rwintara "yihariye no guhanga udushya" imishinga mito n'iciriritse, kandi Daye Special Steel na Zhenhua Chemical babaye ibigo byigihugu bya nyampinga. Izi ngamba zo kuzamura urwego zitanga inzira yiterambere ryicyatsi kubucuruzi bwubunini butandukanye.
Inzitizi n'ibiteganijwe: Inzira Yonyine yo Kuba Igihugu Cyuma Cyuma
1.Umuhanda wo guhinduka uracyuzuye amahwa. Inganda zidasanzwe z’ibyuma zihura n’ibibazo bitoroshye mu gice cya kabiri cy’umwaka wa 2025: Nubwo umukino w’ibiciro by’Ubushinwa na Amerika wagabanutse, ukutamenya neza ibidukikije ku isi biracyafite; imbere "rusange kurwego rwo hejuru" bigira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yisoko ryinyuma, kandi ingamba zumusaruro wibigo zirahungabana. Mu gihe gito, kuvuguruzanya hagati yo gutanga n'ibisabwa mu nganda biragoye kubikemura, kandi ibiciro bishobora gukomeza kuba bike.
2.Umuvuduko mwinshi hamwe nubuhanga bwa tekinike burabana. Nubwo uburyo bushya nka electrolytike aluminium karubone idafite anode ikorana buhanga hamwe nicyuma cya hydrogène hydrogène metallurgie yateye intambwe, porogaramu nini iracyakeneye igihe. Umushinga udasanzwe wo mu burasirazuba ukoresha "itanura ryo gushonga + itanura rya AOD" intambwe ebyiri nintambwe eshatu zo gukora ibyuma, kandi bigahindura uburyo bwo gutanga ibikoresho binyuze muri algorithms zifite ubwenge, ariko ishoramari nkiryo riracyari umutwaro munini kubigo bito n'ibiciriritse.
3.Amahirwe yisoko nayo arasobanutse. Icyifuzo cy’ibyuma bidasanzwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mu bikoresho bishya by’ingufu, ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi, ibikorwa remezo bishya n’izindi nzego byiyongereye. Imishinga yingufu nkimbaraga za kirimbuzi hamwe na ultra-supercritical zahindutse moteri nshya yo gukura kwicyuma cyihariye cyo hejuru. Ibi byifuzo byatumye inganda zicyuma zUbushinwa zihinduka cyane "murwego rwohejuru, rufite ubwenge, nicyatsi".
4.Inkunga ya politiki ikomeje kwiyongera. Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho izatanga kandi ishyire mu bikorwa gahunda nshya y’imirimo yo guhagarika iterambere ry’inganda zidafite amabuye y'agaciro, yibanda ku kuzamura iterambere no guteza imbere impinduka. Kurwego rwo guhanga udushya, koresha kandi wubake icyitegererezo kinini cyinganda zidafite amabuye y'agaciro, guteza imbere ihuzwa ryimbitse ryikoranabuhanga ryubwenge n’inganda, kandi bitange imbaraga nshya mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga.
Isosiyete yacu
Ibicuruzwa nyamukuru
Ibicuruzwa bya Carbone, Ibicuruzwa bitagira umuyonga, Ibicuruzwa bya Aluminium, Ibicuruzwa n’umuringa, nibindi.
Ibyiza byacu
Icyitegererezo cya serivise yihariye, gupakira ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja no gutanga, serivisi yubujyanama 1v1 yumwuga, ubunini bwibicuruzwa, ibicuruzwa bipfunyika ibicuruzwa, ubuziranenge bwo hejuru nibiciro biri hasi
ITSINDA RY'UMWAMI
Aderesi
Inganda ziterambere rya Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Amasaha
Ku wa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivise y'amasaha 24
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-25-2025