Mu giheMu gihe cya gahunda y’imyaka itanu ya 14, inganda z’icyuma kitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye zagiye zitera imbere buhoro buhoro mu isoko rikomeye, zitsinda imbogamizi nko kugabanuka kw’ibiciro by’ibikoresho fatizo, kugabanya izamuka ry’ibikenewe, n’impinduka mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, kandi zateye imbere cyane mu bushobozi bw’umusaruro, urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga, n’imiterere y’inganda.
1.Ubushobozi bw'umusaruro buri ku isonga ku isi, kandi umubare w'inganda wariyongereye.
Dukurikije imibare y’ishami ry’icyuma kitagira umugese ry’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’icyuma n’icyuma ry’Ubushinwa, mu 2024,icyuma kitagira umugese cyo mu BushinwaUmusaruro uzagera kuri toni miliyoni 39.44, ubwiyongere bwa 7.54% buri mwaka, bungana na 63% by'umusaruro ku isi, bukaba ari ubwa mbere ku isi mu myaka myinshi yikurikiranya. Mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu", ubwinshi bw'inganda zikora ibyuma bitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye bwakomeje kwiyongera. Ubushobozi bw'umusaruro bw'ibigo bikomeye nka China Baowu, Tsingshan Group, na Jiangsu Delong bwagize uruhare rurenga 60% by'igihugu, kandi ingaruka z'inganda zari zikomeye.
2. Imiterere y'ibicuruzwa yakomeje kunozwa.
Mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu", ivugurura ry'imiterere y'ubwoko bw'ibyuma bitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye ryihutishijwe.Muri byo, igipimo cy’ibyuma 300 bitagira umugese cyariyongereye kuva kuri 47.99% mu 2020 kigera kuri 51.45% mu 2024, naho igipimo cy’ibyuma bifata umugese bibiri cyariyongereye kuva kuri 0.62% kigera kuri 1.04%. Muri icyo gihe, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ibicuruzwa by’ibyuma bifata umugese mu gihugu cyanjye byateye intambwe nshya: muri 2020, TISCO Stainless Steel yakoze uduce duto twa mm 0.015; Qingtuo Group yateguye kandi ikora mu nganda ibyuma bifata umugese bibiri bihendutse kandi bizigama ingufu QD2001; Ikigo cy’Ubushakashatsi ku byuma, Ishuri Rikuru ry’Ubumenyi ry’Abashinwa na TISCO bafatanyije gukora ibyuma bifata umugese bya 316KD byo gukoresha ingufu za kirimbuzi zo mu gisekuru cya kane; Northeast Special Steel yakoze uduce twa rukuruzi twinshi cyane, imiyoboro ya A286 ikoze mu bushyuhe bwinshi kugira ngo isimbure ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga, icyuma gishya cya HPBS1200 gikonjesha imvura cyane cyo gukoresha intwaro, ERNiCrMo-3 ikoze mu bushyuhe bwinshi, insinga zo gusudira ibyuma bitagira umuvuduko mwinshi bya HSRD ku byuma bishya bikoresha umuvuduko mwinshi cyane, n'ibyuma binini bya 316H byo gukoresha mu mishinga ya 600 MW yo kwerekana vuba. Mu 2021, Jiugang yakoze icyuma gitagira umuvuduko kinini cya 6Cr13 cyo gukoresha mu buryo bworoshye, bikuraho ububasha bw'abanyamahanga; TISCO yatangije icyuma cya mbere ku isi cya 0.07 mm cyoroshye cyane ku buryo buhanitse n'icyuma gikozwe mu buryo butari bufite imiterere; Qingtuo Group yatangije icyuma cya mbere cyo mu gihugu kitagira feri cya aluminium kidafite lead cyo gukora ibintu byinshi mu nganda z'ikaramu, kandi imikorere yacyo yo gukata, kurwanya ingese no kudahungabana kw'iwino n'ibindi bimenyetso bya tekiniki biri imbere mu Bushinwa. Mu 2022, imiyoboro ya Fushun Special Steel ya SH010 ya urea-grade urea yatsinze icyemezo cy’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi kandi igera ku gipimo cyo gusimbuza mu gihugu; icyuma cya TISCO cya SUS630 cyakozwe mu byuma bikonje cyakemuye neza ikibazo cy’inganda za circuit boards zacapwe mu gihugu cyanjye; Qingtuo Group yakoze icyuma cya QN2109-LH gifite azote nyinshi kugira ngo gikoreshwe mu kubika hydrogen mu bushyuhe buke cyane. Mu 2023, icyuma cya TISCO cya TFC22-X kizatangwa mu byiciro ku bigo bikomeye bitwara lisansi byo mu gihugu; imbogamizi z’impanuka zo mu muhanda zikozwe mu byuma bishya bya Beigang bya GN500 byatsinze ubwoko butatu bw’ibizamini by’impanuka z’imodoka nyazo; icyuma cya Qingtuo Group gikomeye kandi gihendutse kizatangwa mu byiciro ku mishinga y’inyubako zateguwe. Mu 2024, ibicuruzwa bya lanthanum binini n'ubunini bigizwe na icyuma, chromium, aluminiyumu, bizatangizwa muri TISCO, kandi ibikoresho by'ingenzi bya boiler ya sitasiyo y'amashanyarazi ya C5 byakozwe n'Ikigo cy'Ubushakashatsi ku Muyoboro w'Icyuma cya TISCO-TISCO bizashyirwa mu bikorwa neza. TISCO izakora neza ku bwinshi icyuma gikozwe mu buryo bwa ultra-pure alloy 4J36 for mask plates kandi igerageze neza gukora ibyuma binini binini n'ubugari bwa N06625 nickel-based alloy hot-rolled coils; Ideal Auto na Qingtuo Group byakozwe hamwe mu byuma bikomeye kandi bikomeye bizasohoka mu murongo w'umusaruro; Umushinga wa Taishan Steel's Zibo Stainless Steel Application Innovation Base Project - umushinga wa mbere w'inyubako z'icyatsi kibisi mu gihugu uzubakwa mu buryo bwa ultra-pure.
3.Urwego rw'ibikoresho bya tekiniki ruri ku isonga ku rwego mpuzamahanga, kandi impinduka z'ubwenge zirimo kwihuta.
Kugeza ubu, ibikoresho bya tekiniki by’inganda z’icyuma kitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye byageze ku rwego mpuzamahanga kuva ku ntangiriro, kugeza ku guhanga udushya twigenga. TISCO Xinhai Base ikoresha uburyo bwo gutunganya icyuma cya RKEF (rotary furnace-submerged arc furnace) + AOD (argon oxygen firnace) bukora neza kandi buhiganwa cyane ku isi, ikora icyuma cya AOD cya toni 2 × 120, imashini ya 2 × 1 ifite icyuma kitagira umugese gifite 1-stream stainless steel slab continuous casting machines, izana icyuma cya mbere ku isi gifite 2250 cy’ubugari bubiri cy’urukuta rwo gukora icyuma kitagira umugese, kandi ikora icyuma gishyushya aside ishyushye ya 1 × 2100 mm + 1 × 1600 mm; Qingtuo Group yubaka icyuma cya mbere ku isi "hot rolling-hot annealing-online surface treatment" gikozwe mu buryo buciriritse n’ubunini. Mu bijyanye n’inganda zikora ibintu mu buryo bw’ubwenge, uruganda rw’ejo hazaza rwa Shangshang Desheng Group rwageze ku mikoranire myiza hagati y’ibikoresho na sisitemu z’amakuru binyuze mu buryo bwo gushushanya hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge.
4. Gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa inganda z’ibyuma bitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye yihuta cyane.
Mu gihe cya "Gahunda y'imyaka itanu ya 14", inganda z'icyuma kitagira umushongi mu gihugu cyanjye zizubaka inganda za nickel icyuma na ferrochrome mu duce tw'umutungo wa nickel-chromium. Amasosiyete y'Abashinwa nka China Steel na Minmetals yashoye imari mu mutungo wa chromite muri Afurika y'Epfo, Zimbabwe n'ahandi. Amasosiyete abiri akomeye afite hafi toni miliyoni 260 na toni miliyoni 236 z'umutungo wa ferrochrome. Imishinga ya ferronickel yo muri Indoneziya ya Qingshan Weida Bay Industrial Park, Zhenshi Group, Taishan Steel, Liqin Resources n'andi masosiyete yashyizwe mu bikorwa umwe umwe, kandi ferronickel yagejejwe ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu. Nickel matte yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ya Qingshan yo muri Indoneziya igezwa ku isoko ry'imbere mu gihugu kandi yatangiye gukora nickel itunganyijwe mu bucuruzi. Igerageza rishyushye ry'umushinga wa Xiangyu Group wo gushongesha ibyuma bitagira umushongi muri Indoneziya wa toni miliyoni 2.5 ryagenze neza. Jiuli Group yaguze isosiyete y'Abadage EBK imaze imyaka ijana kugira ngo yongere kwagura isoko mpuzamahanga ry'imiyoboro ivanze.
1. Kugengwa cyane n'ibikoresho fatizo n'ingaruka zikomeye ku ruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa.
Umutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro ya nickel sulfide yo mu gihugu cyanjye ugizwe na 5.1% by'isi yose, naho umutungo wayo wa chromium ugizwe na 0.001% gusa by'isi yose. Bitewe n'ibi, umutungo wa nickel-chromium ukenewe kugira ngo hakorwe ibyuma bitanduye ushingiye hafi ku bicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga. Uko umusaruro w'ibyuma bitanduye mu gihugu cyanjye ukomeza kwiyongera, kwishingikiriza ku mutungo w'amabuye y'agaciro ya nickel-chromium bizarushaho kwiyongera, bishyire mu kaga umutekano w'inganda z'ibyuma bitanduye mu gihugu cyanjye.
2. Itandukaniro riri hagati y’ibicuruzwa bitangwa n’ibikenewe ryarushijeho kwiyongera, kandi inyungu z’ibigo ziri munsi y’igitutu.
Mu gihe cya "Gahunda ya 14 y'imyaka itanu", ubushobozi bw'igihugu cyanjye mu gukora ibyuma bitagira umugese bwakomeje kwiyongera, ariko igipimo cy'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha cyaragabanutse. Mu mpera za 2020, ubushobozi bw'igihugu mu gukora ibyuma bitagira umugese bwari toni miliyoni 38, naho igipimo cy'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha cyari 79.3%; mu mpera za 2024, ubushobozi bw'igihugu mu gukora ibyuma bitagira umugese bwari toni miliyoni 52.5, kandi igipimo cy'ubushobozi bwo gukoresha cyaragabanutse kigera kuri 75%, kandi hari hakiri toni zirenga miliyoni 5 z'ubushobozi burimo kubakwa (biteganyijwe) mu Bushinwa. Mu 2024, inyungu rusange y'inganda z'ibyuma bitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye yaragabanutse, igera hafi y'umurongo wo kugabanya. Guhomba no kuvugurura uruganda rwa Jiangsu Delong Nickel n'igurishwa ry'imigabane ya Posco muri Posco Zhangjiagang na Posco muri Koreya y'Epfo byose ni ibimenyetso by'ikibazo cy'inganda. Kugira ngo amafaranga akomeze kuzamuka no gukomeza umusaruro uhamye, inganda z'ibyuma bitagira umugese zifite "igiciro gito n'umusaruro mwinshi". Muri icyo gihe, ibihugu n'uturere birenga 60% by'amasoko akenewe n'abaguzi mu mahanga byashyizeho politiki nyinshi zo kurinda ubucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibyuma bitagira umugese byo mu gihugu cyanjye, ibyo bikaba byaragize ingaruka zikomeye ku bucuruzi bw'ibicuruzwa by'ibyuma bitagira umugese byoherezwa mu mahanga mu gihugu cyanjye.
3. Ibicuruzwa bigezweho biracyakeneye gutumizwa mu mahanga, kandi ubushobozi bwo guhanga udushya bugomba kunozwa byihutirwa.
Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hasi biracyari igice kinini cy’ibicuruzwa by’icyuma kidashonga. Mu nzego zimwe na zimwe z’ingenzi, ubwiza bw’ubwoko bw’ibyuma bidashonga buracyakeneye kunozwa. Bimwe mu bicuruzwa by’icyuma kidashonga biracyagoye guhaza ibyifuzo byo mu gihugu kandi biracyakeneye gutumizwa mu mahanga, nk’imiyoboro y’ifuru ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n’umuvuduko mwinshi wa hydrogen hamwe n’ubushyuhe.imiyoboro itagira umwanda, imiyoboro minini ikora hidrojeni ikoresha ubushyuhe bwinshi n'umuvuduko mwinshi, imiyoboro y'icyuma kitagira umugese cya urea naamasahani y'icyuma kitagira umwanda, amasahani yo guhinduza ubushyuhe akeneye gutunganya ingano nini y'ihindagurika ry'ikirere, hamwe n'amasahani manini kandi manini afite imiterere ikomeye y'akazi mu bushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa mu bushyuhe buke.
4. Ukwiyongera kw'ibikenewe ntabwo bihagije, kandi ahantu hashya hagomba gutezwa imbere.
Uko ubukungu bw'igihugu cyanjye bugenda butera imbere, iterambere ry'inganda zisanzwe riragabanuka, kandi icyifuzo cy'ibyuma bitagira umugese kigabanuka uko bikwiye. By'umwihariko, inganda nka ascenseur n'imodoka zirimo kwiyongera guke cyane bitewe n'ubwiyongere bw'isoko n'izamuka ry'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho. Byongeye kandi, icyifuzo cy'ibyuma bitagira umugese mu masoko ari kuzamuka nk'imodoka nshya zikoresha ingufu n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi ntikirashyirwa ahagaragara byuzuye, kandi umuvuduko w'ubwiyongere bw'ibikenewe muri rusange ntuhagije.
Ukurikije amahirwe, inganda z'ibyuma bitagira umugese zo mu gihugu cyanjye ubu zihanganye n'amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere.Ubwa mbere, ku rwego rwa politiki, igihugu gikomeje guteza imbere iterambere ry’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’inganda. Ntabwo cyashyizeho gusa ingamba zo gushyigikira impinduka zishingiye ku buhanga mu nganda zikora ibikoresho by’inganda zitagira ibinyabiziga, ahubwo cyanatumye ibigo byihutisha iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga kuva ku rwego rwa politiki, bituma inganda zigera ku ntambwe mu kubungabunga ingufu, kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, kunoza uburyo zikora, nibindi. Hamwe no guteza imbere mu buryo bwimbitse gahunda ya "Belt and Road" yo kubaka ibikorwa remezo mu majyepfo y’uburasirazuba bwa Aziya, mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati no mu tundi turere byariyongereye cyane, bitanga amahirwe yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga no gushyiraho ubushobozi bwo gukora ibikoresho by’inganda zikora ibikoresho by’inganda zitagira ibinyabiziga mu gihugu cyanjye. Icya kabiri, mu bijyanye n’udushya mu ikoranabuhanga, guhuza cyane ikoranabuhanga rishya mu ikoranabuhanga nk’ubuhanga bwo gukora ibintu (AI) na big data hamwe n’umusaruro w’ibyuma by’inganda zitagira ibinyabiziga byateje imbere inganda zikora ibikoresho by’inganda zitagira ibinyabiziga. Kuva ku gushakisha ibikoresho by’inganda kugeza ku kunoza ubuziranenge bw’ibicuruzwa, kugeza ku gupima ibikoresho kugira ngo binoze uburyo bwo gukora, udushya mu ikoranabuhanga turimo kuba imbaraga nyamukuru mu kuvugurura inganda zikora ibikoresho by’inganda zitagira ibinyabiziga no kunoza imikorere y’ibicuruzwa. Icya gatatu, mu rwego rwo gukenera ibikoresho byinshi, inganda zikiri kuzamuka nka za moteri nshya zikoresha ingufu, ingufu za hydrogen, n'ingufu za kirimbuzi zarateye imbere, bituma hakenerwa cyane ibyuma bitagira umugese bikoresha ingufu nyinshi, nk'ibyuma bitagira umugese birwanya ingese kandi bitwara amazi bikenerwa mu buryo bwa lisansi, n'ibikoresho byihariye byo kubika hydrogen mu bushyuhe buke cyane. Ibi bikorwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byafunguye isoko rishya ku nganda.
Ukurikije imbogamizi, imbogamizi inganda z’icyuma zikora ibikoresho byo mu gihugu cyanjye zihura nazo ubu zaravuguruwe mu buryo bwuzuye.Ubwa mbere, mu bijyanye n'irushanwa ku isoko, gukomeza kwaguka k'ubushobozi bw'umusaruro w'imbere mu gihugu no kurekura ubushobozi bw'umusaruro mu mahanga nka Indoneziya byatumye habaho irushanwa rikomeye ku isoko mpuzamahanga ry'ibyuma bitagira umugese. Ibigo bishobora kongera "intambara y'ibiciro" kugira ngo bihatanire isoko, bigabanye inyungu z'inganda. Icya kabiri, mu bijyanye n'imbogamizi z'umutungo, ibiciro by'ibikoresho by'ingenzi nka nikeli na chromium byiyongereye bitewe n'ibintu nka politiki y'ubutaka n'ibitekerezwa ku isoko, kandi ingaruka z'umutekano w'uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa zariyongereye cyane. Muri icyo gihe, sisitemu yo kongera gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umugese iracyari mbi, kandi kwishingikiriza ku bikoresho by'ibanze biracyari hejuru, bikongera igitutu cy'ibiciro by'ibigo. Icya gatatu, mu bijyanye n'impinduka ku bidukikije, inzitizi z'ubucuruzi nka EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) ziyongera cyane ibiciro byo kohereza mu mahanga, kandi politiki zo kugenzura imyuka ihumanya ikirere mu gihugu zirimo kugenda zikomera. Ibigo bigomba kongera ishoramari mu guhindura ikoranabuhanga rizigama ingufu no gusimbuza ingufu zisukuye, kandi ikiguzi cyo guhindura gikomeje kwiyongera. Mu bucuruzi mpuzamahanga, ibihugu byateye imbere bikunze kugabanya ibicuruzwa by’icyuma kidashonga mu gihugu cyanjye mu izina rya "imbogamizi z’icyatsi" na "amahame ya tekiniki", mu gihe ibihugu n’uturere nk’Ubuhinde na Aziya y’Amajyepfo y’Uburasirazuba bifata iyamamazabikorwa ry’ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hasi hamwe n’inyungu zabyo ku giciro. Muri urwo rwego, isoko mpuzamahanga ry’icyuma kidashonga mu gihugu cyanjye riri mu kaga ko kwangirika.
1. Ibande ku buhanga n'iterambere rigezweho
Ibigo mpuzamahanga bikomeye nka Sandvik yo muri Suwede na ThyssenKrupp yo mu Budage bimaze igihe kinini byibanze ku bijyanye n’ibyuma bitagira umugese byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Bishingikirije ku myaka myinshi y’ikoranabuhanga, bubatse inzitizi za tekiniki mu bice by’isoko nko mu byuma bitagira umugese birwanya imirasire y’amashanyarazi n’ibikoresho byoroheje byo mu kirere. Imikorere y’ibicuruzwa byabo n’amahame ngenderwaho y’imikorere byagiye byiganje ku isoko mpuzamahanga. Nubwo igihugu cyanjye gifite umwanya wa mbere ku rwego rw’isi mu bunini bw’ibikoresho bitagira umugese, haracyari icyuho kinini ku isoko rigezweho. Muri urwo rwego, igihugu cyanjye kigomba kuyobora ibigo by’ingenzi bifite ishingiro rikomeye na sisitemu nziza zo gusesengura no guteza imbere kugira ngo byihutishe impinduka zigana ku "kwihangira imirimo, gukora neza no guhanga udushya". Binyuze mu gushyigikira politiki no gushaka umutungo w’isoko, tugomba guteza imbere ibigo kugira ngo bitere imbere mu byuma bitagira umugese byo mu rwego rwo hejuru n’ibindi bice, kandi twongere agaciro k’ibicuruzwa hamwe n’ubushobozi bw’abahanga mu gusesengura no guteza imbere; twizeze ko ubuziranenge buhamye binyuze mu kugenzura umusaruro, no kubaka inyungu zitandukanye mu guhangana hashingiwe ku nzira zihariye za tekiniki, kandi amaherezo tukabona umwanya mwiza mu ruhererekane rw’inganda zikora mu byuma bitagira umugese byo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku isi.
2. Komeza sisitemu y'udushya mu ikoranabuhanga
Ibigo by’Abayapani nka JFE na Nippon Steel byashyizeho ubushobozi bwo gukora ikoranabuhanga mu buryo buhoraho binyuze mu kubaka uburyo bwuzuye bwo guhanga udushya "bushakashatsi bw'ibanze, iterambere ry'ikoreshwa ry'ibikoresho - impinduka mu nganda". Ishoramari ryabo mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere rimaze igihe kinini riri hejuru ya 3%, bishimangira ko bayobora ikoranabuhanga mu bijyanye n'ibikoresho by'icyuma bitagira umugese byo mu rwego rwo hejuru. Inganda z'icyuma gitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye ziracyafite inenge mu ikoranabuhanga ry'ingenzi nko gushonga no gushushanya neza. Bigomba kongera cyane imbaraga z'ishoramari mu bushakashatsi no mu iterambere, kwishingikiriza ku bigo bikomeye kugira ngo bihuze za kaminuza, ibigo by'ubushakashatsi n'abakoresha bo mu nzego zo hasi, kubaka urubuga rw'ubuhanga mu guhanga udushya ku nganda, za kaminuza, ubushakashatsi no gukoresha, kwibanda ku bintu by'ingenzi nko gukoresha ibikoresho birwanya ibidukikije cyane n'inganda zikora ibintu mu buryo bw'ubwenge, gukora ubushakashatsi buhuriweho, gusenya ikoranabuhanga ry'amahanga, no kugera ku mpinduka kuva ku "ubuyobozi buhanitse" kugera ku "ubuyobozi bw'ikoranabuhanga".
3. Kunoza imiterere y'inganda no kongera imikoranire
Binyuze mu kwihuza no kuvugurura ibikorwa, amasosiyete y’i Burayi n’Amerika akoresha ibyuma bitagira umugese ntiyanoze gusa imiterere y’ubushobozi bwo gukora mu karere, ahubwo yanashyizeho urwego rw’inganda zikorana mu rwego rwo hejuru no hasi rukubiyemo umutungo w’ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro, itunganya no gutunganya, n’ikoreshwa ryabyo, binoza neza ubushobozi bw’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa n’ubushobozi bwo kugenzura ikiguzi. Ariko, inganda z’imashini zitagira umugese zo mu gihugu cyanjye zifite ibibazo by’ubushobozi bwo gukora ibintu bitandukanye kandi zidahagije mu guhuza ibintu mu rwego rwo hejuru no hasi. Igihugu cyanjye kigomba kuyobora ibigo bikomeye kugira ngo bishyire mu bikorwa ingaruka zo guhuza ibintu, kandi biteze imbere iyubakwa ry’uruhererekane rw’inganda zihuriweho "gutanga ibikoresho fatizo, gushonga no gutunganya ibintu mu buryo bwimbitse" binyuze mu mikorere y’imari n’ubufatanye mu bya tekiniki. Muri icyo gihe, komeza imikoranire n’ibihugu bifite umutungo kamere wa nickel-chromium, abatanga ibikoresho n’inganda zisanzwe kugira ngo habeho urwego runini kandi rukomeye rw’iterambere ry’inganda.
4. Guteza imbere iterambere ry’ibidukikije n’iry’igabanuka ry’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere
Hamwe n’ikoreshwa ryagutse ry’ikoranabuhanga rirengera ibidukikije nko kongera gukoresha neza ibyuma bishaje (igipimo cyo gukoresha kirenga 60%) no gukoresha ingufu nyinshi (ingufu zikoreshwa mu gushyushya imyanda zigera kuri 15%), imbaraga zihumanya ikirere mu bigo by’ubucuruzi by’ibyuma bitagira umugese byo mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’uburayi ziri munsi ya 20% ugereranyije n’ikigereranyo cy’isi, kandi bafashe iya mbere muri politiki z’ubucuruzi nko mu buryo bwo kugabanya imipaka ya karuboni mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’uburayi. Bitewe n’igitutu cy’intego ya "karuboni ebyiri" n’imbogamizi mpuzamahanga mu bucuruzi burengera ibidukikije, igihugu cyanjye gikwiye kwihutisha ubushakashatsi n’iterambere ry’ibikorwa byo kugabanya karuboni, kandi icyarimwe kigashyiraho uburyo bwo kubara imiterere ya karuboni ikubiyemo ubuzima bwose, gushyira hamwe amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda zirengera ibidukikije mu ruhererekane rwose nko kugura ibikoresho fatizo, gukora no gutunganya, gutwara no gutwara, no kongera ipiganwa ku isoko mpuzamahanga binyuze mu kwemeza ibicuruzwa birengera ibidukikije no gukoresha umutungo wa karuboni.
5. Kongera ijwi ry'amahame mpuzamahanga
Muri iki gihe, uburyo mpuzamahanga bwo kugenzura ibyuma bitagira umugese buri mu maboko y’ibigo by’i Burayi n’Amerika, bigatuma habaho inzitizi za tekiniki ku buryo ibicuruzwa bitagira umugese byo mu gihugu cyanjye bicuruzwa mu buryo buhanitse. Igihugu cyanjye kigomba gushyigikira amashyirahamwe y’inganda n’ibigo bikomeye kugira ngo bigire uruhare rugaragara mu mirimo y’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga Ushinzwe Ubuziranenge, guhindura udushya mu ikoranabuhanga ry’igihugu cyanjye mu bijyanye n’ibyuma bitagira umugese, alloys zirwanya ingese, nibindi, mu mahame mpuzamahanga, guteza imbere ishyirwa mu bikorwa n’igaragazwa ry’"amahame y’Abashinwa" mu bihugu no mu turere turi ku "Umukandara n’Umuhanda", no kunoza ijwi ry’inganda z’icyuma gitagira umugese mu gihugu cyanjye mu ruhererekane rw’inganda ku isi binyuze mu musaruro usanzwe, bigaca ububasha bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi n’Amerika.
Royal Steel Co., Ltd. ni ikigo kigezweho gihuza serivisi zo gukora ibyuma, gutunganya, kugurisha no gutwara ibintu. Iki kigo gifite icyicaro gikuru i Tianjin, gifite ibikoresho bigezweho mu gukora, itsinda ry’abahanga mu bya tekiniki na sisitemu yuzuye yo gucunga ubuziranenge, kandi cyiyemeje guha abakiriya ibikoresho by’icyuma byiza n’ibisubizo birambuye. Ducuruza cyane cyane imigozi ishyushye, amasahani akonje, amasahani ya galvanize, ibyuma bitagira umugese, rebar, insinga n’ibindi bikoresho by’icyuma, bikoreshwa cyane mu bwubatsi, mu nganda zikora imashini, imodoka, ibikoresho byo mu rugo, ingufu n’izindi nganda. Dutanga serivisi zihariye zo gutunganya ibikoresho nko gukata, kunama, gusudira, no gutera imiti kugira ngo bihuze n’ibyo abakiriya bakeneye. Dufite uburyo bwiza bwo kubika no gutwara ibintu, menya neza ko ibicuruzwa bigezwa ku bakiriya ku gihe kandi mu mutekano.
Royal Steel Co., Ltd. yahoraga ifata "udushya, ireme, n'inshingano" nk'indangagaciro zayo z'ingenzi, ikomeza kunoza imiterere y'uruhererekane rw'inganda, kandi ikanateza imbere cyane iterambere ryita ku bidukikije ry'inganda. Mu gihe kizaza, tuzakomeza gukorana n'abafatanyabikorwa bo mu gihugu no mu mahanga kugira ngo tugire inyungu kuri bose kandi dutange umusanzu mu iterambere ry'inganda ku isi!
ITSINDA RY'UBUFARANSA
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Amasaha
Kuwa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivisi y'amasaha 24
Igihe cyo kohereza: 23 Nyakanga-2025