Amakuru - Imiyoboro y'Ibyuma bya Peteroli: "Umuyoboro w'Ubuzima" mu Ihererekanya ry'Ingufu

Mu buryo bunini bw'inganda zigezweho z'ingufu,Umuyoboro wa peteroli na gaze Bameze nk'"Insinga y'ubuzima" itagaragara ariko y'ingenzi, yikorera bucece inshingano zikomeye zo kohereza no gucukura ingufu. Kuva mu mirima minini ya peteroli kugeza mu mijyi yuzuye abantu, iboneka hose, igira ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bwacu.Ese?

Umuyoboro wa peteroli na gazeMu by’ukuri, ni ubwoko bw’icyuma kirekire gifite igice cy’ubuso kandi nta migozi ikikije. Iyi miterere idasanzwe ituma ikora neza cyane mu bijyanye n’imbaraga n’imikorere yo gutwara. Ishyirwa mu byiciro birambuye hashingiwe ku mikoreshereze itandukanye n’ibisabwa mu mikorere. Igipfundikizo cya peteroli kigira uruhare runini mu mirima ya peteroli, gikoreshwa mu gutsimbataza ikinogo no gutwara peteroli, gaze karemano n’amazi. Urugero, igipfundikizo cya peteroli gifite inkuta nini cya p110 gikwiriye gukoreshwa mu mikorere y’ikinogo kirambuye kandi gikingira umutekano w’ikinogo kubera imbaraga zacyo nyinshi. Imiyoboro yo gucukura ni ingirakamaro cyane mu mikorere yo gucukura, ishinzwe kohereza imbaraga n’umuvuduko w’ingufu, no gusunika igice cyo gucukura mu butaka kugira ngo ishakishe ingufu zikomoka ku ngufu. Hariho kandi imiyoboro ikoreshwa mu gutwara peteroli na gaze mu ntera ndende. Inyura mu misozi, imigezi no mu nyanja, itwara umutungo wa peteroli na gaze uva mu bice bikorerwamo ujya ahantu hatandukanye.Ese?

Imikoreshereze yaUmuyoboro wa peteroli na gaze ni nini cyane. Mu rwego rwo gutwara peteroli na gaze, ni yo ngingo ikomeye. Yaba peteroli ivanywe mu bishanga bya peteroli byo mu nyanja cyangwa gaze karemano itwikiriwe munsi y'ubutaka, byose bijyanwa mu buryo bwiza kandi mu mutekano mu nganda zitunganya peteroli no mu nganda zitunganya gaze karemano binyuze mu muyoboro munini wubatswe naUmuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L, hanyuma bikinjira mu ngo ibihumbi, bigatanga ingufu zihoraho mu buzima bwacu. Ni ngombwa cyane mu gukora ibikoresho bya peteroli. Ibikoresho nk'inganda zitunganya peteroli n'inganda zitunganya peteroli bihora bihura n'ahantu habi harangwa n'ubushyuhe bwinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi n'ingese zikomeye.Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L, zifite imbaraga nyinshi kandi zirwanya ingese, zabaye ibikoresho byiza byo gukora ibi bikoresho, zituma imikorere yabyo ihora ihagaze neza. Byongeye kandi, mu bijyanye no gutwara abantu n'ibintu hifashishijwe amazi n'ubwubatsi nk'ibiraro n'inyubako, imiyoboro y'ibyuma bya peteroli nayo yagize uruhare runini. Imikorere yayo myiza ishyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rw'umutekano n'ituze by'imishinga. Ese?

Ikoranabuhanga ryo gutunganyaUmuyoboro w'amavutani nziza kandi ikomeye. Mbere na mbere, icyuma cyiza cyane cyujuje ibisabwa mu gutwara peteroli kigomba gutoranywa neza kandi kigacibwamo imiyoboro ijyanye nayo hakurikijwe ingano nyayo. Hanyuma, imiterere ya kristu y'icyuma irahinduka binyuze mu bushyuhe kugira ngo yongere ubukana n'imbaraga byacyo, kugira ngo kijyane n'ikirere gishyushye cyane. Nyuma yaho, icyuma gicurwa hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byo kugishushanya, bikongera ubucucike n'imbaraga zacyo. Nyuma yo gushingwa, imiyoboro y'icyuma igomba gukatwa neza no gukatwa kugira ngo hakurweho inenge kandi habeho ubuso bwiza n'ingano nyazo. Hanyuma, binyuze mu nzira yo gusudira, imiyoboro y'uburebure butandukanye irahuzwa kugira ngo habeho umuyoboro ujyana ibintu kure ukenewe. Amaherezo,Umuyoboro w'amavuta Bakorerwa isuku ku buso nko gusiga amarangi no gushyiramo ibyuma kugira ngo bongere ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ingufu no kongera igihe cyo gukora. Banakorerwa igenzura rikomeye ry’ubuziranenge, harimo no kugenzura uko ibintu bimeze, gusesengura imiterere y’ibinyabutabire, no gupima imiterere y’ibikoresho. Ibicuruzwa byujuje ibisabwa ni byo byonyine bishobora kwinjira ku isoko.Ese?

Muri iki gihe, igikenewe ku isi cy’ingufu kigenda cyiyongera, kandiUmuyoboro w'amavuta Inganda nazo zihora zitera imbere kandi zigahanga udushya. Ku ruhande rumwe, hamwe n’iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga, imikorere yazo ihora inozwa, nko gukomera cyane no kurwanya ingese neza, kugira ngo zihuze n’imiterere y’ubutaka igoye ndetse n’ibidukikije bikomeye byo gutwara ibintu. Ku rundi ruhande, inganda zirimo gutera intambwe nini mu buhanga no kurengera ibidukikije. Mu gushyiraho ikoranabuhanga rigezweho kugira ngo zigerweho mu kugenzura neza inzira y’umusaruro, zinashyira imbere kurengera ibidukikije, kugabanya ikoreshwa ry’ingufu n’umwanda.Umuyoboro w'amavuta zihora zitera imbere kandi zikomeza kurinda iterambere rihamye ry'inganda z'ingufu ku isi