Twandikire kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bunini
Umuyoboro w'amavuta wa API 5CT N80 wo gucukura peteroli Igipfunyika cy'icyuma kidakora neza
| Icyiciro | Ibisobanuro birambuye |
| Igicuruzwa | Umuyoboro wo gufunga amavuta wa API 5CT N80 |
| Igisanzwe | API 5CT |
| Icyiciro | N80-1 / N80-Q |
| Ubwoko bw'Inganda | Idacometseho umushongi / Idakoresha amashanyarazi (ERW) |
| Porogaramu | Igipfunyika cy'amazi y'ibikomoka kuri peteroli na gaze, gucukura, kongera ingufu mu miyoboro y'amazi |
| Ingano | 4 1/2" – 20" (114.3 – 508 mm) |
| Ubunini bw'urukuta | Bishobora guhindurwa hashingiwe ku bisabwa n'umushinga |
| Uburebure | R1, R2, R3 (kugeza kuri metero 12.19) |
| Ubwoko bw'urudodo | BTC / LTC / STC |
| Urwego rw'Imbaraga | Igisenge gikomeye cyane cyo gukoresha mu gukora amariba maremare |
| Imiterere y'ubuso | Amavuta arwanya ingese / irangi ry'umukara / irangi (si ngombwa) |
| Isuzuma | Isuzuma rya Hydrostatic, NDT, igenzura ry'ibipimo |
| Gupfunyika | Icyuma gipfunyitse gifite imigozi, gipakira mu mazi gikwiranye n'amazi yo mu mahanga |
| Icyemezo | API 5CT, MTC, igenzura ry’umuntu wa gatatu (ni ngombwa) |
| Icyiciro | C (%) | Mn (%) | Si (%) | P (%) | S (%) |
| N80-1 | 0.34 – 0.45 | 1.25 – 1.50 | 0.20 – 0.35 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 |
| N80-Q | 0.34 – 0.45 | 1.25 – 1.50 | 0.20 – 0.35 | ≤ 0.030 | ≤ 0.030 |
| Icyiciro | Imiterere | Imbaraga z'umusaruro (MPa) | Imbaraga zo Gukurura (MPa) | Uburebure (%) |
| N80-1 | Bisanzwe | ≥ 552 | ≥ 689 | ≥ 18 |
| N80-Q | Yazimye kandi irashyuha | ≥ 552 | 689 – 758 | ≥ 18 |
Imbonerahamwe y'ingano y'icyuma kidakora neza cya API 5CT T95
| Ingano y'inyuma (muri / mm) | Ubunini bw'urukuta (muri / mm) | Gahunda / Intera | Ibitekerezo |
| 4 1/2" (114.3 mm) | 0.337" – 0.500" (8.56 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 5" (127.0 mm) | 0.362" – 0.500" (9.19 – 12.7 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 5 1/2" (139.7 mm) | 0.375" – 0.531" (9.53 – 13.49 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 6 5/8" (168.3 mm) | 0.432" – 0.625" (10.97 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 7" (177.8 mm) | 0.500" – 0.625" (12.7 – 15.88 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 8 5/8" (219.1 mm) | 0.500" – 0.750" (12.7 – 19.05 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 9 5/8" (244.5 mm) | 0.531" – 0.875" (13.49 – 22.22 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 10 3/4" (273.1 mm) | 0.594" – 0.937" (15.08 – 23.8 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 13 3/8" (339.7 mm) | 0.750" – 1.125" (19.05 – 28.58 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 16" (406.4 mm) | 0.844" – 1.250" (21.44 – 31.75 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
| 20" (508 mm) | 1.000" – 1.500" (25.4 – 38.1 mm) | SCH 40, SCH 80, XXH | Igisanzwe |
Kanda kuri buto iri iburyo
PSL1 = Urwego rw'ibanze, ikwiriye amariba asanzwe ya peteroli, ifite ibisabwa byo gupima no kugenzura bike kandi ihendutse.
PSL2 = Urwego rwo hejuru, ikoreshwa mu mariba ya peteroli mu bihe bikomeye, hamwe n'ibisabwa bikomeye ku miterere ya shimi, imiterere ya mekanike, no kugenzura ubuziranenge.
| Ikiranga | PSL1 | PSL2 |
| Ibikoresho bya shimi | Igenzura ry'ibanze | Gucunga neza |
| Imiterere ya mekanike | Umusaruro usanzwe n'umuvuduko uhoraho | Gukomera no gukomera bikomeye |
| Isuzuma | Ibizamini bisanzwe | Ibizamini by'inyongera na NDE |
| Igenzura ry'Ubuziranenge | Ibibazo by'ibanze (QA) | Gukurikirana byuzuye no gusuzuma neza ibibazo by'ibizamini |
| Ikiguzi | Hasi | Hejuru |
| Uburyo busanzwe bwo gukoresha | Amariba asanzwe | Amariba afite umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe bwinshi, n'amariba maremare |
Incamake:
Imiyoboro ya API 5CT T95 y'icyuma kidakora ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu bikorwa bikomeye by'amariba ya peteroli na gazi aho imbaraga nyinshi, gukomera, no kwizerwa ari ingenzi cyane.
Igipfunyika cy'amazi y'amavuta:Ikoreshwa mu gushyigikira inkuta z'imyobo, gukumira gusenyuka, no kwemeza ko imirimo yo gucukura no gukora neza ihoraho.
Igisanduku cy'amazi ya gaze:Itanga ubushobozi bwo guhangana n'umuvuduko mwinshi kandi ikagira ubushobozi bwo kuziba neza mu mishinga yo gucukura gaze karemano.
Gukomeza ibikorwa byo kuvura indwara z'imitsi:Ikomeza imiterere y'iriba kandi igakomeza ubuziranenge mu miterere yimbitse kandi igoye ya geologi.
Gutandukanya imiterere y'umubiri:Birinda kwanduzanya amazi hagati y’ibice bitandukanye byo munsi y’ubutaka, bigatuma habaho umusaruro utekanye.
Gucukura mu mazi no mu nyanja:Ikwiriye imishinga ya peteroli na gaze haba ku butaka cyangwa mu mazi, kandi iramba mu bidukikije bikomeye.
Gutegura ibikoresho fatizo
Hitamo ibipande by'icyuma cya karuboni cyiza cyane.
Emeza ko imiterere y'ibinyabutabire ari T95.
Gushyushya
Ibikoresho bishyushya mu itanura kugeza ku bushyuhe bukwiye bwo gucura (ubusanzwe 1150-1250℃).
Gutobora no Kuzunguruka mu Mbavu Bishyushye
Ibice bishyushye bitoborwa kugira ngo bikore imiyoboro y'ububobere.
Hanyuma imiyoboro y'ubudodo izungurutswa ku ruganda rukora imiyoboro rudafite umugozi ku bipimo bisabwa (umurambararo wo hanze) n'ubugari bw'urukuta.
Ingano n'Ubugari bw'Ubugari
Imiyoboro ishyirwa mu ruganda rupima uburebure kugira ngo igere ku buremere buto (umurambararo wo hanze n'ubugari bw'urukuta).
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe
Kuzimya no gushyushya bikorwa kugira ngo haboneke imiterere ikenewe ya mekanike (imbaraga zo gukurura, imbaraga zo gukuraho, ubukana, n'ubukomere).
Kugorora no Gukata
Imiyoboro isanzwe iragororwa kandi igacibwa ku burebure busanzwe (metero 6-12) cyangwa uburebure bugenwa n'umukiriya. Imiyoboro y'amashanyarazi ifite ubuziranenge (NC, LTC, cyangwa imigozi yihariye) ishobora gukorerwa imashini bibaye ngombwa.
Isuzuma ritangiza (NDT)
Gupima hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga rya Ultrasonic (UT) no gusuzuma uduce duto twa magnetic (MPL) ni uburyo bukoreshwa kugira ngo imiyoboro ikomeze kuba myiza kandi itagira inenge.
Gupakira no Gutwara
Nyuma yo gupfunyika, imiyoboro ishyirwamo agapira gakingira ingese hanyuma igapfunyikwa kugira ngo ikoreshwe mu gutwara (bikwiriye gukoreshwa mu gukodesha cyangwa gutwara ibintu byinshi).
1. Ibyuma byuzuye byo mu bwoko bwa "Full Range Steel Supply"
Kuva ku byuma by'ubwubatsi, imigozi y'amabati, imiyoboro y'icyuma, imiyoboro ya API, imiyoboro kugeza ku bisubizo by'icyuma byagenewe imishinga yawe yose y'ubwubatsi n'inganda, dufite ubwoko bwinshi bw'ibicuruzwa.
2. Amahame Mpuzamahanga y'Ubuziranenge
Ibicuruzwa byose bikorwa hakurikijwe ibipimo ngenderwaho bya ASTM, API, EN na JIS, bishobora kwemeza ubuziranenge buri gihe kandi bigakoreshwa ku mishinga yo ku isi yose.
3. Uruhererekane rw'ibicuruzwa ruhamye n'ubushobozi bwo kubitunganya
Dushobora kwemeza ko umusaruro uhoraho, kohereza ibicuruzwa byinshi kandi tugatanga imishinga neza, hamwe n’inkunga ikomeye y’uruganda n’uruhererekane rw’ibicuruzwa bihujwe.
4. Inyungu ku bijyanye no gutanga amafaranga ku giciro gito
Dutanga igisubizo cy'icyuma gifite agaciro binyuze mu kugura no gukora neza, kugira ngo dufashe abakiriya kugabanya ikiguzi cy'umushinga wabo muri rusange.
5. Ubunararibonye ku Isoko rya Amerika
Dufite amateka maremare yo gutanga ibikoresho by'icyuma mu bikorwa remezo, icyambu, ububiko, n'imishinga y'ingufu muri Amerika y'Amajyaruguru, yo Hagati n'iy'Amajyepfo.
Ibikoresho by'icyuma bipfunyikwa hakurikijwe amabwiriza mpuzamahanga yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kugira ngo bigire umutekano, ituze, kandi birinde ubuso mu gihe cyo gutwara ibintu kure.
Ibikoresho byose bihambirwa neza n'imishumi y'icyuma ikomeye kandi bigakomezwa kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika mu gihe cyo kubitwara no kubitwara. Imipfundikizo yo ku mpera n'imipfundikizo idapfa amazi birashyirwa kugira ngo hirindwe ubushuhe, ingese, ndetse n'ibyangiritse mu buryo bw'ikoranabuhanga.
Amapaki asanzwe yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga arimo ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mazi cyangwa amapaleti y'ibiti, akwiriye gupakira amakontenari no kohereza amato menshi. Buri gapaki kanditseho ibipimo, urwego, inomero y'ubushyuhe, n'ingano kugira ngo hamenyekane neza.
Dutanga ibisubizo byoroshye byo gutwara ibintu hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu mishinga, tugenzura ko ibicuruzwa bipakirwa mu buryo bwizewe, uburyo bwo gutwara ibintu neza, no kubigeza ku rwego mpuzamahanga ku gihe, cyane cyane muri Amerika.
1. Imikoreshereze yaUmuyoboro wo gutwikira amavuta wa API 5CT N80
Agasanduku ka N80 gakoreshwa cyane mu mirimo yo mu mwobo wa peteroli na gaze. Gafasha mu kongera ingufu z'amazi no kohereza amazi mu mwobo, ni byiza cyane ku mwobo uri hagati kandi wihanganira umuvuduko mwinshi n'imizigo.
2. Ingano z'icyuma za N80 vs J55 / P110
N80 ifite imbaraga nyinshi mu gutanga umusaruro (552–758 MPa) ugereranyije n’ubwoko busanzwe bwa J55 na K55, bigatuma ikoreshwa mu gucukura amariba yimbitse. Ugereranyije na P110 ikomeye cyane, N80 itanga imbaraga nziza muri rusange, itanga igisubizo gihendutse ku mishinga y’amariba ari mu bujyakuzimu.
3. Itandukaniro rya N80-1 na N80Q
N80-1 ni icyuma gisanzwe gikoreshwa mu gukoresha peteroli na gaze mu mwobo usanzwe kandi uhoraho muri rusange. N80Q ikoresha ubushyuhe buzimya kandi bukonje, igatanga ubukomere bwiza no kudacika. Irakundwa cyane mu bihe bigoye kandi bikomeye byo mu mwobo wo hasi.
4. Guhuza serivisi nziza (H₂S Environment)
Agasanduku gasanzwe ka N80 ntigakwiriye gukoreshwa mu gusukura hamwe na hydrogen sulfide. Ku bidukikije birimo H₂S byangiza, turasaba ko NACE MR0175 ifite amanota meza nka L80 kugira ngo ikore neza kandi ihamye.
5. Ingano zihari n'ibisobanuro bihari
Dutanga ubwoko bwose bwaImiyoboro ya API 5CT yo gufungabyujuje ibisabwa na PSL1 na PSL2.
Umurambararo wo hanze w'agasanduku: 4 1/2" – 20"
Umurambararo w'inyuma w'imiyoboro: 1.9" – 4 1/2"
Uburebure buboneka: R1, R2, R3
Ubwoko busanzwe bw'imirongo: BTC, LTC, STC
6. Inyandiko z'ubuziranenge n'izo kohereza mu mahanga zatanzwe
Dutanga inyandiko zuzuye zemeza uburenganzira bwo kwemererwa gukorerwa imisoro no kugenzura umushinga, harimo ibyemezo byemewe by’ibizamini by’inganda, raporo z’ibizamini bya chimique na mekanike, hamwe n’inyandiko z’ibizamini bya hydrostatic. Raporo z’igenzura ry’abandi bakozi ba SGS, BV, TUV n’izindi nzego zemewe ziraboneka iyo ubisabye.
7. Impamvu zo guhitamo itsinda rya Royal Steel
Itsinda rya Royal SteelDutanga serivisi zihamye zo gutanga ibicuruzwa hamwe n’igenzura ry’ubuziranenge rya API. Dutanga ibiciro bihangana n’uruganda, gutunganya ibintu mu buryo bworoshye harimo gukata, gusiga no gusiga irangi, ndetse no gushyigikira inyandiko zo kohereza mu mahanga. Dufite gahunda nziza yo gutanga ibicuruzwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga, dutanga serivisi nziza ku mishinga mpuzamahanga y’ubuhanga mu bya peteroli na gaze.
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