Ibirundo by'ibyuma, nk'ibikoresho by'inkunga bihuza imbaraga n'ubushobozi bworoshye, bigira uruhare rudasimburwa mu mishinga yo kubungabunga amazi, kubaka ishingiro ryimbitse, kubaka icyambu, n'ahandi. Ubwoko butandukanye bwabyo, uburyo bugezweho bwo gukora, hamwe n'ikoreshwa ryabyo ku isi yose bituma biba ibikoresho by'ingenzi mu kurinda umutekano no kunoza imikorere mu bwubatsi. Iyi nkuru izatanga isesengura rirambuye ry'ubwoko bw'ingenzi bw'ibirundo by'ibyuma, itandukaniro ryabyo, uburyo busanzwe bwo gukora, hamwe n'ingano n'ibipimo bisanzwe, bitanga icyitegererezo cyuzuye ku bakora ubwubatsi n'abaguzi.
Ibirundo by'amabati y'icyumazishyirwa mu byiciro hakurikijwe imiterere y'ibice. Ibirundo by'icyuma byo mu bwoko bwa Z na U ni amahitamo akomeye mu buhanga bitewe n'uburyo bwinshi bwo kubikoresha n'ibyiza bihebuje mu mikorere. Ariko, hari itandukaniro rinini hagati y'ubwo bwoko bubiri mu bijyanye n'imiterere, imikorere, n'uburyo bwo kubikoresha:
Ibirundo by'icyuma bifite ishusho ya U: Zifite imiterere ifunguye nk'umuyoboro ifite impande zifunganye kugira ngo zifatanye neza, bigatuma zishobora kwihuza neza n'ibikenewe mu mishinga y'ubuhanga. Imiterere yazo myiza yo kwihuza ituma zikoreshwa cyane mu mishinga y'amazi yo mu mazi menshi (nk'imicungire y'imigezi no gukomeza ibigega by'amazi) ndetse no gushyigikira urufatiro rw'ubutaka (nk'ubwubatsi bwo munsi y'ubutaka ku nyubako ndende). Ubu ni bwo bwoko bw'icyuma gikoreshwa cyane ku isoko.
Ibirundo by'icyuma bifite ishusho ya Z: Zifite igice gifunze, gifite uruziga rw'icyuma rurerure ku mpande zombi, bigatuma igice kinini cy'icyuma kiba kinini kandi gifite uburebure bwinshi. Ibi bituma habaho kugenzura neza imiterere y'ubuhanga kandi birakwiriye imishinga yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ifite ibisabwa bikomeye byo kugenzura imiterere y'ikintu (nk'aho uruganda rukora neza n'aho kubaka ishingiro rinini ry'ibiraro). Ariko, bitewe n'uburyo bugoye bwo kuzunguruka butagira ingano, ibigo bine gusa ku isi bifite ubushobozi bwo gukora, bigatuma ubwo bwoko bw'impapuro ziba nke cyane.
Uburyo bwo gukora ibyuma binini bigira ingaruka ku mikorere yabyo n'ikoreshwa ryabyo. Muri iki gihe, gushyushya no gukonjesha ni bwo buryo bubiri bw'ingenzi bukoreshwa mu nganda, buri bumwe bufite intego yabwo mu mikorere y'umusaruro, imiterere y'umusaruro, n'aho ushyirwa:
Ibirundo by'icyuma bishyushye bizingiyezikozwe mu byuma binini, zishyushye kugeza ku bushyuhe bwinshi, hanyuma zikazunguruka zigahinduka imiterere isanzwe hakoreshejwe ibikoresho byihariye. Igicuruzwa cyarangiye gitanga uburyo bwo gufunga neza no gukomera cyane muri rusange, bigatuma kiba ikintu kiza ku isonga mu mishinga y’ubuhanga. Royal Steel Group ikoresha uburyo bwo kuzingurura bugenda bukurikirana kugira ngo itange imigozi ifite ishusho ya U ifite ubugari bwa mm 400-900 n’imigozi ifite ishusho ya Z ifite ubugari bwa mm 500-850. Ibicuruzwa byabo byakoze neza cyane kuri Shenzhen-Zhongshan Tunnel, bituma bamenyekana nk’aba "gutuza imigozi" baturutse kuri nyir'umushinga, bigaragaza neza ko uburyo bwo kuzingurura bushyushye ari ubw’ukuri.
Ibirundo by'ibyuma bikonjeZikorwa mu bushyuhe bw'icyumba, bigatuma zidakenera kuvurwa mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Ibi bituma ubuso burushaho kuba bwiza kandi zigakomeza kurwanya ingese ku kigero cya 30%-50% kurusha inkingi zishyushye. Zikwiriye gukoreshwa ahantu hakonje, ku nkombe, no mu bidukikije bishobora kwangirika (urugero, kubaka umwobo w'ifatizo). Ariko, bitewe n'imbogamizi zo gukora ubushyuhe bw'icyumba, gukomera kwazo mu bice bitandukanye ni guke. Zikoreshwa cyane cyane nk'ibikoresho by'inyongera, hamwe n'inkingi zishyushye kugira ngo umushinga urusheho gutanga umusaruro no kunoza ikiguzi.
Ubwoko butandukanye bw'ibirundo by'ibyuma bifite ibipimo bisobanutse neza. Gutanga amasoko y'umushinga bigomba gusuzuma ibisabwa byihariye (nk'ubujyakuzimu bw'ubucukuzi n'uburemere bw'umutwaro) kugira ngo hatoranywe ibipimo bikwiye. Ibi bikurikira ni ibipimo bisanzwe ku bwoko bubiri bw'ibirundo by'ibyuma:
Ibirundo by'icyuma bifite ishusho ya U: Ibipimo bisanzwe ni SP-U 400×170×15.5, bifite ubugari buri hagati ya mm 400-600, ubunini buri hagati ya mm 8-16, n'uburebure bwa metero 6, metero 9, na metero 12. Ku bikenewe byihariye nko gucukura mu buryo bunini, bimwe mu birundo bifite ishusho ya U bishobora guhindurwa kugira ngo bibe bifite uburebure bugera kuri metero 33 kugira ngo bihuze n'ibikenewe mu buryo bwimbitse.
Ibirundo by'icyuma bifite ishusho ya Z: Bitewe n'imbogamizi mu mikorere, ingano zisanzwe zijyanye n'igihe, uburebure bwabyo buri hagati ya mm 800-2000 n'ubugari buri hagati ya mm 8-30. Uburebure busanzwe muri rusange buri hagati ya metero 15-20. Ibipimo birebire bisaba kugisha inama mbere y'igihe n'uwabikoze kugira ngo harebwe ko bishoboka ko bikorwa.
Kuva ku byambu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya kugeza ku bibanza byo kubungabunga amazi byo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, imigozi y'ibyuma, hamwe no kuba ihindagurika, yakoreshejwe mu mishinga itandukanye hirya no hino ku isi. Ibi bikurikira ni ingero eshatu zisanzwe zatanzwe n'abakiriya bacu, zigaragaza akamaro kazo:
Umushinga wo Kwagura Icyambu cya Filipine: Mu gihe cyo kwagura icyambu muri Filipine, habayeho ikibazo cy’inkubi y’umuyaga iterwa n’inkubi z’umuyaga zikunze kugaragara. Ishami ryacu rya tekiniki ryatanze inama yo gukoresha ibyuma bishyushye bifite ishusho ya U kuri cofferdam. Uburyo bwabo bwo gufunga burwanya ingaruka z’inkubi y’umuyaga, butuma iyubakwa ry’icyambu rikomeza umutekano n’iterambere.
Umushinga wo gusana ahantu ho kubungabunga amazi muri Kanada: Kubera ubukonje bukabije bw'igihe cy'imbeho aho hantu ho kubungabunga amazi, ubutaka bukunze guhinduka bitewe n'ibihe byo gukonja no gushonga, bigasaba ubusugire bukabije. Ishami ryacu rya tekiniki ryatanze inama yo gukoresha ibyuma bishyushye bifite ishusho ya Z kugira ngo bikomeze. Uburemere bwabyo bushobora kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'uburemere bw'amazi, bigatuma ikigo cyo kubungabunga amazi kigumaho mu buryo burambye.
Umushinga wo kubaka inyubako z'icyuma muri Guyana: Mu gihe cyo kubaka icyobo cy'ifatizo, umushinga wasabye kugenzura cyane uburyo imiterere y'ubutaka ihinduka kugira ngo habeho umutekano w'inyubako nyamukuru. Rwiyemezamirimo yahinduye ibyuma byacu byakozwe mu buryo bukonje kugira ngo akomeze imiterere y'icyobo cy'ifatizo, ahuza uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese n'uburyo bwo kwihuza n'ikirere cy'ubushuhe bwo muri ako gace kugira ngo arangize neza umushinga.
Kuva ku byambu byo mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bwa Aziya kugeza ku bibanza byo kubungabunga amazi byo muri Amerika ya Ruguru, imigozi y'ibyuma, hamwe no kuba ihindagurika, yakoreshejwe mu mishinga itandukanye hirya no hino ku isi. Ibi bikurikira ni ingero eshatu zisanzwe zatanzwe n'abakiriya bacu, zigaragaza akamaro kazo:
Umushinga wo Kwagura Icyambu cya Filipine:Mu gihe cyo kwagura icyambu muri Filipine, habayeho ikibazo cy’inkubi y’umuyaga iterwa n’inkubi z’umuyaga zikunze gutera. Ishami ryacu rya tekiniki ryatanze inama yo gukoresha ibyuma bishyushye bifite ishusho ya U kuri cofferdam. Uburyo bwo gufunga neza bwarwanije ingaruka z’inkubi y’umuyaga, butuma iyubakwa ry’icyambu rikomeza umutekano n’iterambere.
Umushinga wo gusana ikigo cyo kubungabunga amazi muri Kanada:Bitewe n'ubukonje bukabije bw'igihe cy'ubukonje ku gice cy'ubutaka, ubutaka bukunze guhinduka bitewe n'ibihe byo gukonja no gushonga, bigasaba ubusugire bukabije. Ishami ryacu rya tekiniki ryatanze inama yo gukoresha ibyuma bitwikiriye bifite ishusho ya Z kugira ngo bikomeze. Uburemere bwabyo bushobora kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'uburemere bw'ubutaka, bigatuma amazi akomeza gukora neza igihe kirekire.
Umushinga wo kubaka inyubako z'ibyuma muri Guyana:Mu gihe cyo kubaka icyobo cy’ifatizo, umushinga wasabye kugenzura cyane uburyo imiterere y’aho hantu ihinduka kugira ngo habeho umutekano mu nyubako nyamukuru. Rwiyemezamirimo yahinduye ibyuma byacu byakozwe mu buryo bukonje kugira ngo akomeze imiterere y’aho hantu hashyirwa inkingi, ahuza uburyo bwo kurwanya ingese n’uburyo bwo kwihuza n’ikirere gikonje cyo muri ako gace kugira ngo arangize neza umushinga.
Byaba ari umushinga wo kubungabunga amazi, umushinga wo ku cyambu, cyangwa inkunga y'inyubako y'urufatiro rw'aho ibintu bizakorerwa, guhitamo ubwoko bw'icyuma gikwiye, uburyo gikoreshwa, n'ibisobanuro ni ingenzi kugira ngo umushinga urusheho kuba mwiza. Niba uteganya kugura ibyuma bikoreshwa mu mushinga wawe, cyangwa ukeneye ibisobanuro birambuye ku bicuruzwa, amahitamo yo guhindura ibintu, cyangwa ibiciro bigezweho, nyamuneka twandikire. Tuzaguha inama z'abahanga mu guhitamo no gutanga ibiciro nyabyo bitewe n'ibyo umushinga wawe ukeneye, kugira ngo umushinga wawe utere imbere neza.
Twandikire kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye
Email: sales01@royalsteelgroup.com(Sales Director)
ITSINDA RY'UBUFARANSA
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Amasaha
Kuwa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivisi y'amasaha 24
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira 13-2025