Mu isi y’ubwubatsi n’ubwubatsi bwa none, guhitamo ibyuma ntabwo ari ikintu gisanzwe. Ibice bibiri by’icyuma gishyushye gikunze kugaragara cyane—ASTM A572 Icyiciro cya 50naASTM A992—bishyize hamwe nk'amahame ngenderwaho mu nganda ku mishinga isaba uburinganire mu mbaraga, ubushobozi bwo gukora no kwizerwa.
Isahani y'icyuma gishyushye ya ASTM A572 Grade 50ni icyuma gikomeye kandi gikoresha icyuma gito gikoreshwa cyane mu miterere y'inyubako, mu biraro, no mu gukora ibintu muri rusange. Ifite imbaraga za 50 ksi (345 MPa) n'imbaraga zo gukurura kuva kuri65–80 ksi (450–550 MPa)bigira amahitamo menshi ku bahanga bashaka imikorere myiza no gukoresha neza amafaranga. Byongeye kandi, ASTM A572 Grade 50 igaragaza ubushobozi bwo gusudira no gukora neza, bigatuma ibyuma bikorerwa mu buryo bugoye bitabangamiye ubuziranenge bwabyo. Uruvange rw'imbaraga, gukomera, no kudatwarwa n'ingufu bituma ikwiriye inyubako zikomeye, harimo inyubako z'inganda, imashini, n'ibikorwa remezo by'ubwikorezi.
Ku rundi ruhande,Isahani y'icyuma gishyushye ya ASTM A992Byabaye ibikoresho bikunzwe cyane mu miterere y’imiterere y’inyubako ifite imiterere migari, cyane cyane muri Amerika ya Ruguru. Byakozwe mbere kugira ngo bisimbure ASTM A36 mu miterere y’inyubako, A992 itanga imbaraga nkeya za 50 ksi (345 MPa), hamwe n’ubukomere bwinshi n’ubushobozi bworoshye, bigatuma iba nziza ku nyubako zidashobora kwangirika. Icyuma cya A992 gifite ubushobozi bwo gupfunyika no gusudira neza, bigatuma abakora inyubako bahura n’imiterere ikomeye y’igishushanyo mbonera neza. Ikoreshwa ryayo mu nyubako z’ubucuruzi, ibiraro, n’inganda ni igihamya cy’uko ikora neza haba mu bihe byo gupakira ibintu bidahinduka no mu buryo buhindagurika.
Nubwo ubwoko bw'ibyuma byombi bugira imbaraga zimwe, ntabwo bushobora guhindurwa mu buryo bwose. ASTM A572 Grade 50 ikunze gutorwa mu gukoresha plaque zisaba gukata, gukora, cyangwa kudakoresha imbaraga nyinshi, mu gihe ASTM A992 yorohejwe mu miterere y'imiterere nk'iyi:Imirasire ya InaImirasire ya H, aho imiterere y’uruhande rw’icyuma n’ubushobozi bwo kugenda neza mu gihe cy’umutwaro ari ingenzi cyane. Guhitamo icyuma gikwiye bisaba gusuzuma witonze ibisabwa mu mushinga, uburyo bwo gukora, n’imiterere y’ibidukikije.
Uretse imiterere yabyo ya mekanike, byombiAmasahani y'icyuma ya ASTM A572 Grade 50naAmasahani y'icyuma ya ASTM A992bikorwa binyuze mu buryo bugezweho bwo gushyushya. Gushyushya bitanga ubugari bumwe n'irangira ryiza ry'ubuso mu gihe binongera imiterere y'imbere y'icyuma. Inganda zigezweho zikoresha inganda zicukura zigenzurwa na mudasobwa kugira ngo zishobore kwihanganira imiterere nyayo, bigatuma izi plaque zihuzwa n'imishinga y'ubwubatsi n'ubwubatsi igezweho.
Mu buryo bufatika, abahanga mu by'ubwubatsi, abakora ibikoresho, n'abayobozi b'imishinga bakunze gutekereza ku buryo bw'ubwirinzi bw'uruhererekane rw'ibikoresho no kuboneka iyo bagena ingano y'ibyuma. Abatanga ibikoresho bakomeye batanga aya mapine mu buryo butandukanye bw'ubugari, ubugari, n'uburebure kugira ngo ahuze n'imiterere yihariye y'inyubako. Byongeye kandi, abakora ibikoresho benshi batanga ibikoresho biciriritse, byatobowe mbere, cyangwa byasutswe, bigabanya akazi gakorerwa aho hantu kandi bikihutisha igihe cy'umushinga.
Mu gusoza,ASTM A572 Icyiciro cya 50amasahani y'icyuma ashyushyenaAmasahani y'icyuma ashyushye ya ASTM A992zikomeje kuba inkingi y'ubwubatsi bugezweho. Buri kimwe gitanga uruvange rwihariye rw'imbaraga, ubworoherane, n'ubushobozi bwo gukora, bihuye n'ibikenewe mu bwubatsi no mu gukora. Byaba bikoreshwa mu biraro, mu nyubako z'ubucuruzi, cyangwa ku nganda, guhitamo urwego rw'icyuma gikwiye bitanga umutekano, kuramba, no kuba imiterere y'igihe kirekire. Mu nganda aho imiterere n'imikorere ari ingenzi, izi plaque ebyiri z'icyuma zikomeje kuba ibisubizo byizewe ku bahanga ku isi yose.
ITSINDA RY'UBUFARANSA
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Amasaha
Kuwa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivisi y'amasaha 24
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-05-2026