Ivuka ry'ibyuma bitagira umwanda rishobora guhera mu 1913, igihe umudage w’umudage witwa Harris Krauss yavumbuye bwa mbere ko ibyuma birimo chromium bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya ruswa. Ubu buvumbuzi bwashizeho urufatiro rw'ibyuma bitagira umwanda. Umwimerere "ibyuma bidafite ingese" ni ibyuma bya chromium, bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu byuma no kumeza. Mu myaka ya za 1920, gukoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda byatangiye kwaguka. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa chromium na nikel, kurwanya ruswa hamwe nimbaraga zibyuma bidafite ingese byateye imbere cyane. Ikoranabuhanga ry'umusaruro waimiyoboro idafite ibyumaigenda ikura buhoro buhoro kandi yatangiye gukoreshwa mu nganda zikora imiti, peteroli n’inganda zitunganya ibiribwa.
Imiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikoreshwa cyane munganda zubwubatsi mugushigikira imiterere, gushushanya urukuta rwinyuma,gariyamoshi. Bitewe nuko irwanya ruswa kandi igaragara neza, imiyoboro yicyuma irakwiriye cyane cyane gukoreshwa mubidukikije ndetse nikirere cya Marine. Ntishobora gusa kwihanganira ikizamini cyikirere gikaze, ariko kandi iragabanya gukenera kubungabungwa, bigatuma inyubako iramba kandi nziza.
Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi nikoranabuhanga, tekinoroji yimiyoboro idafite ibyuma ikomeza gutera imbere, kandi nibindi byinshi byavuzwe haruguru byagaragaye, nkaimiyoboro idafite ibyuma, duplex imiyoboro idafite ibyuma nibindi. Ibi bikoresho bishya byujuje ibyifuzo bikenerwa mu nganda kandi biteza imbere ikoreshwa ryimiyoboro idafite ibyuma mumirima myinshi. Iterambere ry'ejo hazaza rizakomeza kwibanda ku kunoza imitungo yibikorwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kubyara kugirango dusubize ibintu byinshi bigoye ibidukikije nibisabwa ku isoko.
Inganda zikora imiti n’imiti zikoresha ibyuma bitagira umwanda mu gutwara imiti n’imiti no gutunganya ibintu bitandukanye byangiza. Urukuta rw'imbere rw'umuyoboro w'icyuma rutagira umwanda ntirugabanya gusa kwanduza amazi mu nzira yo gutwara abantu, ahubwo runorohereza isuku no kuyanduza, bigatuma isuku y'ibikorwa byakozwe n'umutekano w'ibicuruzwa.
Mu nganda z’ibiribwa n’ibinyobwa, ibyuma bitagira umwanda bikoreshwa mu gutunganya ibiryo, gutanga ibinyobwa no gupakira. Ibintu bidafite uburozi, birwanya ruswa kandi byoroshye-gusukura birahuraibyangombwa-byo kurya, kubungabunga umutekano w'ibiribwa n'isuku y'ibikorwa. Byongeye kandi, kuramba kwicyuma kitagira umwanda bifasha kugabanya inshuro zo kubungabunga no gusimbuza ibikoresho.
Twandikire kubindi bisobanuro
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-14-2024