Imiterere y'icyuma ya ASTM A283 | Ibisubizo by'ubwubatsi bikomeye cyane, biramba kandi bihendutse
Imiterere y'Urufunguzo rw'Icyuma mu Nyubako Ishusho y'urufunguzo rw'icyuma ni ubwoko bw'imiterere aho ibice by'icyuma bihuzwa hamwe mu buryo bw'ibice by'impandeshatu mu buryo bwihariye kugira ngo hakorwe ishusho ikomeye ishobora gukoreshwa mu gushyigikira imitwaro ikoreshwa. Imiterere y'urufunguzo yongera imbaraga n'ubudahangarwa hamwe n'ibikoresho bike kandi ikwiriye umwanya muremure n'icyumba gifunguye.
Ibiranga Byiza
Igipimo cy'imbaraga nyinshi ku buremere -- Imiterere y'imizigo y'impandeshatu ituma ubushobozi bukomeye bwo gutwara imizigo bufite icyuma gito.
Ubugari busobanutse - Butwikira ahantu hanini hatari inkingi z'imbere.
Igishushanyo mbonera cy'ibintu byinshi - Ni cyiza ku bubiko, mu matsinda, mu nganda zikora ndetse no mu nzu z'imikino n'amazu yo gukiniramo.
Gutegura no Guteranya Byihuse - Ibice by'icyuma bicibwa mbere bigakorwa hanze y'aho biherereye hanyuma bigahambirwa vuba aho biherereye.
Kuramba - Iyo hakoreshejwe uburyo buhagije bwo kurinda ingese (gusiga ibyuma, gusiga amarangi, cyangwa gusiga), inyubako y'icyuma izakomeza gukoreshwa mu myaka myinshi.
Ibice
Igitereko cyo hejuru: Igice cyo hejuru gihagaze cyangwa gihanamye cy'urukuta
Ijwi ryo hasi: Igice cyo hasi kigororotse kiri mu muvuduko
Abanyamuryango ba interineti: Ibintu by'impandeshatu n'ibigororotse bigize igice cy'impandeshatu
Imiyoboro: Imigozi ihambiriye cyangwa ihambiriye ihuza abanyamuryango
Gufata inkingi (Uburyo bwo guhitamo): Gukomera cyane ku ruhande rw'inyuma kugira ngo amaguru maremare akomere
Ibikoresho by'icyuma cy'ibanze byo kubaka uruganda
1. Inyubako nyamukuru itwara imizigo (ishobora guhuzwa n'ibisabwa mu mihindagurikire y'isi yo mu turere dushyuha)
| Ibikoresho | ASTM A283 (Ibice by'ingenzi by'imiterere) |
| Intera y'Ubugari | metero 10–50 (33–164 ft), ishobora guhindurwa uko imeze |
| Uburebure bwa Eve | 4–12 m (13–39 ft), hashingiwe ku bisabwa mu mushinga |
| Igisenge cy'inzu | 5°–25°, ishobora guhindurwa hakurikijwe ibikenewe mu gusohora amazi |
| Ibice by'ingenzi | Chord yo hejuru (icyuma gifite uburebure bwa metero), Chord yo hasi (icyuma gifite uburebure bwa metero), Ibice bya interineti (umuyoboro wa kare/urukiramende, icyuma cy'inguni), Ibihuza (bifunze/bisutswe), Purlins & Girts (ishusho ya C/Z) |
| Imirimo y'ingenzi | - Inkunga nini kandi isobanutse neza |
| - Igipimo cyo hejuru cy'imbaraga ugereranyije n'uburemere | |
| - Gutegura no guteranya byihuse | |
| - Gukomera no gukomera kw'inyubako | |
| - Igishushanyo mbonera cyoroheje cy'inyubako imwe/inini n'iy'amagorofa menshi | |
| Porogaramu zisanzwe muri Amerika yo Hagati | - Inganda: inganda, amaduka, ububiko |
| - Ubuhinzi: ububiko, ibigega, ibikoresho by'ubuhinzi | |
| - Ubucuruzi: amaduka manini, ibigo by'itumanaho, inzu z'imurikagurisha | |
| - Ibyihariye: ibyumba by'imikino, indege za hangar, ibikorwa rusange |
| Uburyo bwo Gutunganya | Imashini zitunganya | Gutunganya |
| Gukata | Imashini zo gukata plasma/umuriro za CNC, imashini zo gukata | Gukata umuriro wa plasma ku masahani y'icyuma/ibice, gukata amasahani y'icyuma yoroshye, hamwe n'uburyo bungana biragenzurwa. |
| Gukora | Imashini ikonjesha, feri yo gukanda, imashini izunguruka | Gupfunyika mu buryo bukonje (kuri c/z purlins), gupfunyika (kuri gukata imiyoboro/inkombe), gupfunyika (kuri bars zo gushyigikira uruziga) |
| Gusudira | Imashini isudira arc iri mu mazi, imashini isudira arc n'intoki, imashini isudira CO₂ ikingira gaze | Gusudira imigozi y'amazi (inkingi z'Abaholandi / imigozi ya H), gusudira imigozi (ibipande bya gusset), gusudira ikoresheje gaze ya CO² (ibintu bito bifatanye n'inkuta) |
| Gukora imyobo | Imashini icukura ya CNC, imashini icukura | CNC Iborera (imyobo y'amaboliti mu byuma bihuza/ibice), Gupfumura (imyobo mito), Ifite imyobo igenzurwa ifite umurambararo/uburyo bwo kwihanganira imyanya |
| Ubuvuzi | Imashini yo guturitsa/gutwika umucanga, icyuma gisya, umurongo wo gusya ushyushye | Gukuraho ingese (gutwika amasasu / guturika umucanga), gusya ibintu mu buryo bworoshye (gukuraho ubushyuhe), gutwika ibyuma bishyushye (bolt/support) |
| Inteko | Urubuga rwo guteranya, ibikoresho byo gupima | Ibice by'ibyari byateranijwe mbere (inkingi + inkingi + ishingiro) byarasenyuwe kugira ngo byoherezwe nyuma yo kugenzura ingano. |
| 1. Ikizamini cyo gusukura umunyu (ikizamini cyo kwangirika kw'umunyu) | 2. Ikizamini cyo gufata neza | 3. Ikizamini cyo kwirinda ubushuhe n'ubushyuhe |
| Amabwiriza ngenderwaho ya ASTM B117 (spray y'umunyu idakoresha umunyu) / ISO 11997-1 (spray y'umunyu ikoresha umunyu), ikwiriye ibidukikije birimo umunyu mwinshi ku nkombe za Amerika yo Hagati. | Ikizamini cyo gupima igishishwa hakoreshejwe ASTM D3359 (igishishwa cyo gupima igishishwa/urukuta rw'amashanyarazi, kugira ngo hamenyekane urwego rwo gupima igishishwa); ikizamini cyo gupima igishishwa hakoreshejwe ASTM D4541 (kugira ngo hapimwe imbaraga z'igishishwa hagati yo gusiga n'icyuma gikozwe mu cyuma). | Amabwiriza ya ASTM D2247 (ubushuhe bwa 40℃ / 95%, kugira ngo hirindwe udusebe no kwangirika kw'igitambaro mu bihe by'imvura). |
| 4. Ikizamini cyo gusaza kwa UV | 5. Ikizamini cy'ubugari bwa firime | 6. Ikizamini cy'imbaraga z'ingaruka |
| Amabwiriza ya ASTM G154 (kugira ngo yigane ingaruka zikomeye za UV mu mashyamba y'imvura, kugira ngo hirindwe ko irangi rizimira cyangwa rigashonga). | Agakoresho k'umutsi gakoresha ASTM D7091 (igipimo cy'ubunini bwa magnetic); agakoresho k'umutsi gakoresha ASTM D1212 (kugira ngo harebwe ko uburinzi bwa corruption buhuye n'ubunini bwagenwe). | Amabwiriza ya ASTM D2794 (ingufu zo kugonga inyundo, kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika mu gihe cyo gutwara/gushyiraho). |
1. Inkunga y'Ishami ryo mu mahanga n'ururimi rw'Icyesipanyoli
Dufite ibiro byo mu mahanga bifite abakozi bavuga Icyesipanyoli kandi dushobora kuvuga indimi ebyiri n'abakiriya bacu bakomoka muri Amerika y'Epfo n'i Burayi.
Itsinda ryacu rinoza itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa ku misoro, inyandiko, n’ibisabwa mu kohereza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kugira ngo byorohereze kohereza ibicuruzwa ku gihe no kwihutisha gutunganya ibicuruzwa biva mu mahanga.
2. Ibikoresho byiteguye gutangwa vuba
Dufite ibikoresho fatizo bihagije by’icyuma gishyushye nk’umuraba wa H, umuraba wa I n’ibice by’icyuma.
Ibi bivuze ko abakiriya babona igihe cyo kubona ibicuruzwa bashobora kwiringira vuba, ku bwihuse, kuri iyo mirimo yihutirwa.
3. Gupakira by'umwuga
Ibicuruzwa byose byuzuyemo ipaki isanzwe ikwiriye amazi yo mu mazi (ibyuma bipfunyitse, bikingira amazi, kandi birinda impande).
Ibi bizatanga icyizere kandi bitume habaho umutekano mu gutwara imizigo, nta kugenda mu gihe cyo gutwara abantu intera ndende kandi nta kwangirika kwabyo iyo bigeze ku cyambu cy’aho bijya.
4. Kohereza no Gutanga Ibikoresho mu buryo Bunoze
Dukorana n'abatwara ibicuruzwa b'igihugu kandi dushobora gutanga amabwiriza yo kohereza ibicuruzwa mu buryo bworoshye: FOB, CIF, DDP.
mu mazi, gari ya moshi, umuhanda, turabizeza kohereza ibicuruzwa ku gihe kandi tukabikurikirana neza.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ku buso bw'inyuma: Irangi rikungahaye kuri zinc, Irangi rya Galvanized (ubugari bw'urwego rwa galvanized rushyushye ≥85μm igihe cyo gukora gishobora kugera ku myaka 15-20), amavuta y'umukara, nibindi.
Amavuta y'umukara
Itara ry'amashanyarazi
Igitambaro gikungahaye kuri Epoxy Zinc
Pake:
Ibicuruzwa birinzwe neza mu gupfunyika kugira ngo ubuso n'imiterere yabyo bigume neza mu gihe cyo kubikoresha. Ibice bikunze gupfunyikwamo ibikoresho bidapfa amazi nka pulasitiki cyangwa impapuro zirinda ingese, kandi ibikoresho bito bipfunyikwamo agasanduku k'ibiti. Byongeye kandi, imigozi/ibice byose bishyirwamo ikimenyetso gisobanutse kugira ngo bibe byiza ko bipakururwa mu buryo bwizewe kandi bigashyirwamo ibikoresho by'umwuga aho bikorera.
Ubwikorezi:
Inyubako z'ibyuma zishobora koherezwa hakoreshejwe kontineri cyangwa imodoka nini bitewe n'ingano n'aho zijya. Ibintu binini cyangwa biremereye nabyo bihambirwa cyane n'imigozi y'icyuma ifite imirongo y'ibiti ku mpande zombi kugira ngo birindwe kabiri mu gihe cyo gutwara. Ibikorwa byose mu bijyanye n'ubwikorezi bikorwa hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga agenga ubwikorezi, ndetse n'intera ndende no mu mahanga, kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bigerweho ku gihe kandi mu mutekano.
1. Icyuma cya ASTM A283 ni iki?
ASTM A283 ni icyuma cyo mu bwoko bwa karuboni kiri hasi/giciriritse gikoreshwa cyane cyane mu miterere rusange isaba ubushobozi bwo gukora neza no gusudira. Iboneka mu cyiciro cya A, B, C, D kandi imbaraga zo gukurura zirimo kwiyongera kuva ku cyiciro cya A kugeza kuri D.
Icyiciro cya A - Ingufu nke zo gukurura cyane kurusha izindi
Icyiciro cya B na C – Ingufu n'Ubuhanga buri hagati
Icyiciro cya D - Ingufu zo Gukurura Zikomeye kurusha izindi mu cyiciro cya A283
2. Ni izihe ngamba z'icyuma za ASTM A283 zikoreshwa mu buryo busanzwe?
Porogaramu zisanzwe za A283 zirimo amakaramu yoroheje yo hagati: nka
Inyubako z'inganda n'ububiko, ibiraro n'amabaraza, n'izindi porogaramu zoroheje zikoreshwa mu bucuruzi, ubu zishobora kubakwa muri aluminiyumu, bitewe n'imbaraga zayo zikomeye no kwirinda ingese.
Ibice by'icyuma byakozwe mu buryo bwa tekiniki nk'imiringoti, imiringoti n'inkingi
Ingano z'icyuma zituma amasahani n'ibice by'inyubako bikomera neza, kandi bikanakoreshwa neza mu gusudira
3. ASTM A283 iboneka mu bwoko ki n'ingano zihe?
Amasahani - buri gihe afite ubugari bwa mm 6–200
Amashuka - Igice gito cy'amapaneli y'imiterere
Koili - rimwe na rimwe kugira ngo ikomeze gutunganywa
4. Ni iyihe mpamvu yo gusudira ya ASTM A283?
Ubushuhe bwiza cyane - MIG, TIG no gusudira inkoni ni byo byiza cyane.
Udusahani duto (<25 mm) muri rusange ntabwo dukeneye gushyushya mbere.
Kugira ngo hirindwe ko hacika uduce duto mu gihe cyo gusudira ibice binini, ni byiza gukoresha uburyo bwo gusudira bukoresha hydrogen nke.
6. Ese A283 ishobora gusigwa lisansi cyangwa gusigwa irangi?
Yego. Ubuso bw'icyuma bushobora kuba:
Gukoresha galvanizing ishyushye - ikoreshwa cyane mu kurinda ingese
Gusiga amarangi cyangwa gusiga ifu – bikunzwe gukoreshwa mu nyubako z'imbere n'inganda
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