Umuyoboro wa API vs Umuyoboro wa 3PE

Mu mishinga minini y’ubuhanga nka peteroli, gaze karemano, n’amazi yo mu mujyi, imiyoboro y’amazi ni yo shingiro ry’ubwikorezi, kandi guhitamo kwayo bigena mu buryo butaziguye umutekano w’umushinga, ubukungu, no kuramba kwawo. Umuyoboro wa API n’umuyoboro wa 3PE, ni ibikoresho bibiri by’imiyoboro bikoreshwa cyane, akenshi bishyirwa imbere n’amatsinda y’abahanga. Ariko, bitandukanye cyane mu bipimo ngenderwaho by’imiterere, imiterere y’imikorere, n’ibintu bikurikizwa. Gusobanukirwa neza imiterere yayo ni ingenzi mu kunoza ireme ry’umushinga.

Ibisobanuro n'Ingero z'Ishyirwa mu Bikorwa ry'Ishingiro

UMUYOBORO W'ICUMA WA API 5L-UMUYOBORO W'ICUMA

Umuyoboro wa API, mu magambo ahinnye asobanura "Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa American Petroleum Institute Standard Steel Pipe," ukorwa hakurikijwe amahame mpuzamahanga nkaUmuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L. Yubatswe mu cyuma gikomeye kandi ikorwa binyuze mu nzira zo gukurura cyangwa gusudira. Imbaraga zayo z'ibanze ziri mu mbaraga zayo zo gukurura no gukurura, bigatuma ikoreshwa cyane mu bikorwa byo gukurura cyane nko mu miyoboro ya peteroli na gaze ikoreshwa kure ndetse no mu byuma binini bya gaze ya shale. Kuba ifite imiterere ihamye mu bushyuhe bukabije kuva kuri -40°C kugeza kuri 120°C bituma iba igice cy'ingenzi mu gutwara ingufu.

UMUYOBORO W'ICUMA CYA 3PE - ITSINDA RYA ROYAL

Umuyoboro wa 3PE usobanura "umuyoboro w'icyuma wa polyethylene urwanya ingese ufite urwego rutatu." Ukoresha umuyoboro usanzwe w'icyuma nk'ishingiro, utwikiriwe n'imiterere y'urwego rutatu irwanya ingese igizwe n'ingufu ya epoxy (FBE), kole, na polyethylene. Igishushanyo mbonera cyawo cyibanze ku kurinda ingese, byongerera cyane ubuzima bw'umuyoboro binyuze mu gukura udukoko tw'ubutaka n'amashanyarazi mu gice cy'umuyoboro w'icyuma. Mu bidukikije birimo amazi menshi yangiza nk'amazi yo mu mujyi, gutunganya imyanda, no gutwara amazi yangiza, umuyoboro wa 3PE ushobora kugira ubuzima bw'imyaka irenga 50, bigatuma uba igisubizo cyagaragaye cyo kurwanya ingese mu kubaka imiyoboro yo munsi y'ubutaka.

Kugereranya Imikorere y'ingenzi

Ukurikije imikorere y'ibanze, imiyoboro yombi itandukanye cyane mu mwanya wayo. Ku bijyanye n'imiterere ya mekanike, umuyoboro wa API muri rusange ufite imbaraga zo gutanga umusaruro zirenze 355 MPa, hamwe n'ingufu zimwe na zimwe (nk'ukoAPI 5L X80) igera kuri 555 MPa, ishobora kwihanganira igitutu cy’imikorere kirenga 10 MPa. Ku rundi ruhande, umuyoboro wa 3PE ukoresha cyane cyane umuyoboro w’icyuma cyo hasi kugira ngo ukomere, kandi urwego rwo kurwanya ingese ubwarwo ntirugira ubushobozi bwo kwihanganira igitutu, bigatuma rurushaho kuba rwiza mu gutwara umuvuduko uri hagati n’uri hasi (ubusanzwe ≤4 MPa).

Imiyoboro ya 3PE ifite akarusho gakomeye mu kurwanya ingese. Imiterere yayo y’ibice bitatu itera imbogamizi ebyiri zo "kwitandukanya imiterere y’umubiri + kurinda imiti." Ibipimo byo gutera umunyu bigaragaza ko igipimo cyayo cya ingese ari 1/50 gusa cy’imiyoboro isanzwe y’icyuma.imiyoboro ya APIbishobora kurindwa ingese binyuze mu gusiga ibyuma bivanze n'amazi no gusiga amarangi, ubushobozi bwabyo mu bidukikije cyangwa munsi y'amazi buracyari hasi ugereranyije n'ubw'imiyoboro ya 3PE, bigasaba izindi sisitemu zo kurinda katodike, ibyo bikaba byongera ikiguzi cy'umushinga.

Ingamba zo guhitamo n'uburyo inganda zigenda zikoresha

Guhitamo umushinga bigomba kubahiriza ihame ry'"imiterere y'ibintu": Niba igikoresho gitwara ibintu ari peteroli cyangwa gaze ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, cyangwa ibidukikije bikoreramo bigahura n'ihindagurika rikomeye ry'ubushyuhe, imiyoboro ya API ni yo ikundwa, aho ingano z'icyuma nka X65 na X80 zihuzwa n'igipimo cy'umuvuduko. Ku bijyanye no gutwara amazi cyangwa amazi yanduye atwikiriwe cyangwa akoresha imiti, imiyoboro ya 3PE ni amahitamo ahendutse, kandi ubunini bw'urwego rurwanya ingese bugomba guhindurwa hakurikijwe urwego rw'ubushyuhe bw'ubutaka.

Icyerekezo cy’inganda ubu kiri mu "guhuza imikorere." Amasosiyete amwe arimo guhuza ibikoresho by’ibanze bikomeye by’umuyoboro wa API n’imiterere y’umuyoboro wa 3PE ifite ibyiciro bitatu kugira ngo hakorwe "umuyoboro w’ibikoresho bikomeye cyane birwanya ingese." Iyi miyoboro ihura n’ibisabwa byo kohereza ingufu nyinshi no kurinda ingese igihe kirekire. Iyi miyoboro yamaze gukoreshwa cyane mu mishinga yo gukora peteroli na gaze mu nyanja no mu mishinga yo kuyobya amazi hagati y’ibibaya. Ubu buryo bushya butanga igisubizo cyiza ku buhanga bw’imiyoboro.