Twandikire kugira ngo ubone amakuru arambuye ku bunini
API 5L X52/X60/X65/X70/X80 Smls PipeLine Imiyoboro y'Ibyuma Bidafite Umushongi
| Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5LIbisobanuro birambuye ku gicuruzwa | |
| Amanota | API 5L Icyiciro B, X42, X52, X56, X60, X65, X70, X80 |
| Urwego rw'Ibisobanuro | PSL1, PSL2 |
| Ingano y'umurambararo wo hanze | 1/2” kugeza kuri 2”, 3”, 4”, 6”, 8”, 10”, 12”, santimetero 16, santimetero 18, santimetero 20, santimetero 24 kugeza kuri santimetero 40. |
| Gahunda y'ubunini | SCH 10. SCH 20, SCH 40, SCH STD, SCH 80, SCH XS, kugeza SCH 160 |
| Ubwoko bw'Inganda | ERW idasesuye, ishongeshejwe, SAW muri LSAW, DSAW, SSAW, HSAW |
| Ubwoko bw'Impera | Impera zifite imigozi, Impera zisanzwe |
| Intera y'uburebure | SRL, DRL, 20 FT (metero 6), 40 FT (metero 12) cyangwa, byihariye |
| Ingofero zo Kwirinda | plastiki cyangwa icyuma |
| Ubuvuzi bw'ubuso | Irangi ry'umukara, risanzwe, FBE, 3PE (3LPE), 3PP, CWC (Uburemere bwa beto butwikiriwe) CRA Ipfutse cyangwa irambitse |
Umuyoboro w'icyuma wa API 5L Grade BImbonerahamwe y'ingano
| Diameter yo hanze (OD) | Ubunini bw'urukuta (WT) | Ingano y'umuyoboro w'amazina (NPS) | Uburebure | Icyuma gitanga igiciro | Ubwoko |
| mm 21.3 (inchi 0.84) | 2.77 – 3.73 mm | ½″ | metero 5.8 / metero 6 / metero 12 | Icyiciro cya B – X56 | Idafite umushongi / ERW |
| mm 33.4 (inchi 1.315) | 2.77 – 4.55 mm | 1″ | metero 5.8 / metero 6 / metero 12 | Icyiciro cya B – X56 | Idafite umushongi / ERW |
| mm 60.3 (inchi 2.375) | 3.91 – 7.11 mm | 2″ | metero 5.8 / metero 6 / metero 12 | Icyiciro cya B – X60 | Idafite umushongi / ERW |
| mm 88.9 (inchi 3.5) | 4.78 – 9.27 mm | 3″ | metero 5.8 / metero 6 / metero 12 | Icyiciro cya B – X60 | Idafite umushongi / ERW |
| mm 114.3 (inchi 4.5) | 5.21 – 11.13 mm | 4″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | Icyiciro cya B – X65 | Idafite umushongi / ERW / SAW |
| mm 168.3 (inchi 6.625) | 5.56 – 14.27 mm | 6″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | Icyiciro cya B – X70 | Idafite umushongi / ERW / SAW |
| mm 219.1 (inchi 8.625) | 6.35 – 15.09 mm | 8″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X42 – X70 | ERW / SAW |
| mm 273.1 (inchi 10.75) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 10″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X42 – X70 | SAW |
| mm 323.9 (inchi 12.75) | 6.35 – 19.05 mm | 12″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X52 – X80 | SAW |
| mm 406.4 (inchi 16) | 7.92 – 22.23 mm | 16″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X56 – X80 | SAW |
| 508.0 mm (inchi 20) | 7.92 – 25.4 mm | 20″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X60 – X80 | SAW |
| 610.0 mm (inchi 24) | 9.53 – 25.4 mm | 24″ | metero 6 / metero 12 / metero 18 | X60 – X80 | SAW |
Kanda kuri buto iri iburyo
PSL 1 (Ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa Urwego rwa 1): Ku miyoboro yubatswe ku rwego rw'ibanze rw'ubuziranenge.
PSL 2 (Ibisobanuro by'ibicuruzwa Urwego rwa 2): Gukoresha imiterere yo hejuru ya mekanike, kugenzura ibinyabutabire bikomeye na NDT, imiterere ikomeye cyane.
| Ikintu | PSL1 | PSL2 | Inyandiko |
| Kugenzura ibigize imiti | Imipaka isanzwe kuri C, Mn, P, S | Imipaka ikomeye, P na S biri hasi; kugenzura by'inyongera ibintu bya microalloy byemerewe | PSL2 ikwiriye cyane ahantu hashyuha cyane kandi hangiza |
| Imbaraga z'umusaruro (MPa) | Dukurikije ibipimo by'urwego | Kimwe na PSL1; hejuru gato ku byuma bimwe na bimwe byo mu rwego rwo hejuru | Ibisabwa by'ibanze bya mekanike birasa |
| Imbaraga zo Gukurura (MPa) | Dukurikije ibipimo by'urwego | Kimwe na PSL1 | |
| Uburebure (%) | Dukurikije ibipimo by'urwego | Kimwe na PSL1 | |
| Ingaruka ku bushyuhe buke (Charpy V-Notch) | Ibisabwa ku bushake cyangwa ku ikoreshwa rya nyuma | Ni ngombwa; ubusanzwe bipimwa kuri -20°C cyangwa -50°C | Yongera ubukomere ku bushyuhe buri hasi |
| Ubushuhe | Yujuje ibisabwa bisanzwe | Ibizamini bikomeye kandi byoroshye gusudira bikunze kuba ngombwa | PSL2 irasaba imikorere myiza yo gusudira |
| Ubwihangane mu Bipimo | Ingano isanzwe | Gukabya | PSL2 ifite uburyo bwo kugenzura neza umurambararo n'ubugari bw'urukuta |
| Kugenzura neza inenge / NDT | Igenzura risanzwe; UT/RT nta yandi mananiza | Isabwa rya UT/RT/MPI | Bituma imiyoboro y'amazi irushaho kugira umutekano |
| Ibidukikije byo Gukoresha | Gutwara imiyoboro rusange | Imiyoboro ifite umuvuduko mwinshi, ubushyuhe buke, kandi itwara ubushyuhe bwinshi | PSL2 ikundwa cyane ku mishinga ifite umutekano mwinshi |
| Ikiguzi | Hasi cyane | Hejuru gato | Bitewe n'igenzura rikomeye n'ibisabwa mu nganda |
| Icyiciro cya API 5L | Imiterere y'ingenzi ya mekanike (Ingufu z'umusaruro) | Ibintu Bishoboka mu Burasirazuba bwa Amerika |
| Icyiciro cya B | ≥245 MPa | Imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yo muri Amerika ya Ruguru ifite umuvuduko muto; Imiyoboro mito ikusanyirizamo peteroli muri Amerika yo Hagati |
| X42/X46 | >290/317 MPa | Imiyoboro y'amazi yo kuhira mu buhinzi yo mu Burengerazuba bwo Hagati muri Amerika; imiyoboro y'ingufu mu mijyi yo muri Amerika y'Epfo |
| X52 (Ikomeye) | >359 MPa | Imiyoboro ya peteroli ya Texas; imiyoboro yo gukusanya peteroli na gaze ku nkombe za Brezili; imiyoboro ya gaze karemano yambukiranya umupaka wa Panama |
| X60/X65 | >414/448 MPa | Imiyoboro y'umucanga wa peteroli wo muri Kanada; imiyoboro y'amazi yo mu kigobe cya Mexique ifite umuvuduko wo hagati n'uw'umuvuduko mwinshi |
| X70/X80 | >483/552 MPa | Imiyoboro ya peteroli itwara peteroli muri Amerika; urubuga rwa peteroli na gaze mu mazi yo mu nyanja ya Brezili |
Igenzura ry'ibikoresho fatizo– Hitamo kandi ugenzure ibyuma byiza cyangwa imigozi.
Gukora– Zingura cyangwa utobore umuyoboro mu buryo bw'umuyoboro (Udafite umushongi / ERW / SAW).
Gusudira–Izingo zishyirwa mu miyoboro zikorwa hakoreshejwe amashanyarazi arwanya ubukana cyangwa gukoresha arc welding munsi y’amazi.
Uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe- Ongera imbaraga n'ubukomere binyuze mu gushyushya neza.
Ingano no Kugorora– Hindura umurambararo w'umuyoboro hanyuma wemeze ko ingano ari yo.
Isuzuma ritangiza (NDT)– Suzuma inenge z'imbere n'iz'inyuma.
Ikizamini cy'amazi– Gerageza buri muyoboro kugira ngo urebe niba ufite imbaraga n'amazi asohoka.
Gutwikiriza hejuru– Shyiraho urwego rwo kurinda ingese (varnish y'umukara, FBE, 3LPE, nibindi).
Gushyira ikimenyetso no kugenzura– Shyira akamenyetso ku bipimo hanyuma ukore igenzura rya nyuma ry’ubuziranenge.
Gupakira no Gutanga– Pakira, shyira hamwe, hanyuma utange hamwe n'Impamyabumenyi z'Ibizamini bya Mill.
Ibiro bya serivisi zo mu gace bavuga icyesipanyoliIshami ryacu rishinzwe gutanga serivisi zivuga Icyesipanyoli, ritanga ubunararibonye bwiza kandi rigatuma habaho inzira nziza ishoboka yo gutumiza ibicuruzwa mu mahanga.
Ibicuruzwa byizewe: Dufite ububiko buhagije kugira ngo twuzuze ibyo wategetse vuba.
Gupfunyika neza: Imiyoboro ipfundikirwa neza kandi igafungwa n'ibice byinshi by'udupira kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika no kwangirika mu gihe cyo kuyitwara, bityo bikaba ari umutekano.
Gutanga serivisi byihuse kandi neza: Gutanga ibicuruzwa mu mahanga kugira ngo bihuze n'ibyo ukeneye mu gutanga umushinga.
Ingwate yo gupakira
IbyacuImiyoboro y'icyuma ya API 5Lzishyirwa mu mapaki (amapaki y'ibiti asukurwa na IPPC ari yo ngenderwaho muri Amerika yo Hagati kandi yujuje ibisabwa byose byo kohereza mu mahanga), hanyuma zipfunyikwa mu mapaki atandatu ya plastiki. Umuyoboro wawe upfunyikwa ku buryo butatu bw'amapaki adapfa amazi, bitewe n'ubushuhe bwinshi mu ishyamba ry'imvura rishyuha, byakozwe ku buryo ubushuhe budashobora kwinjiramo. Ibendera rya plastiki rikomeye ririnda n'agakingirizo bishyirwa ku mpera ebyiri z'umuyoboro kugira ngo hirindwe ivumbi, imyanda n'ibindi bintu byo mu mahanga byinjira mu gutwara no kubika aho bikorerwa, kugira ngo ibicuruzwa bikomeze kuba bisukuye kandi bitagira inenge. Buri gice cy'umuyoboro gipima toni 2-3, ingano n'uburemere bikwiye ku mapaki mato asanzwe aboneka ahantu ho gukorera muri Amerika yo Hagati, ibi bituma uburyo bwo kuyakoresha bwizewe kandi bugakora neza kurushaho.
Ibisobanuro Bijyanye n'Uburyo
Ibipimo bya ISO: uburebure busanzwe ni metero 12, bukwiriye gupakira amakontenari no gutwara ibikoresho mpuzamahanga.
Amahitamo y'uburebure bugufi: 8' na 10' ku mishinga iherereye mu turere dushyuha muri Gwatemala na Hondurasi aho ubwikorezi bw'ubutaka butoroshye.
Amahitamo menshi- turahuza n'ibyo ukeneye! Ibipimo byinshi bishobora guhaza ibyifuzo by'umushinga mu buryo bworoshye kandi bikanatanga icyizere cyo koroshya ubwikorezi n'imikorere myiza y'ubwubatsi.
Serivisi yo Gutanga Inyandiko Ihuriro Rimwe
Mu rwego rwo koroshya itangwa rya gasutamo no kubaka imishinga ku bakiriya bacu ku isoko rya Amerika yo Hagati, dutanga icyemezo cy’uko ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga n’ibikoresho byabyo bitangwa ku buntu, nko:
Icyemezo cy'inkomoko (Ifishi B)
Icyemezo cyo gupima ibikoresho bya MTC
Raporo y'ikizamini cya SGS
Urutonde rw'ibipaki
Inyemezabuguzi y'ubucuruzi
Byongeye kandi, twizeza ko inyandiko iyo ari yo yose ifite amakosa cyangwa yashyizwe mu mwanya wayo izasubizwa mu masaha 24, kugira ngo umushinga utazongera gutinda.
Gahunda zo gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu buryo bw'umwuga
Iyo ibicuruzwa bimaze koherezwa, ibicuruzwa bizagezwa ku sosiyete idafite aho ibogamiye hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gutwara abantu ku butaka no mu mazi, ubwikorezi buzaba bufite umutekano kandi bwizewe. Izi zikurikira ni inzira z'ingenzi zo gutwara abantu n'ibintu:
Ubushinwa → Kolone, Panama: ~iminsi 30
Ubushinwa → Manzanillo, Megizike: Hafi iminsi 28
Ubushinwa → Limon, Kosita Rika: ~iminsi 35
Mu gihe hakenewe umushinga, dutanga serivisi zo gutwara abantu mu buryo bwihuse kuva ku byambu tujya mu bibanza bya peteroli cyangwa aho akazi gakorerwa. Urugero, hamwe n'umufatanyabikorwa wo mu gace ka Panama TMM, dutanga ibisubizo by'ibikoresho kuva ku mpera kugeza ku mpera, dutanga ibikoresho by'umushinga ku gihe kandi mu mutekano.
1. Ese imiyoboro yawe y'icyuma ya API 5L ijyanye n'ibipimo bigezweho ku isoko rya Amerika?
Nta gushidikanya ko ibyacuAPI 5LImiyoboro y'icyuma ihuye neza na API 5L 45th Revision iheruka, ikaba ari yo edition yonyine yemewe n'abayobozi bo muri Amerika (Amerika, Kanada na Amerika y'Epfo)? Iyubahiriza kandi amahame ngenderwaho ya ASME B36.10M ndetse n'amahame yo mu gace nka NOM muri Megizike n'amabwiriza agenga akarere k'ubucuruzi bw'ubuntu muri Panama. Impamyabushobozi zose (API, NACE MR0175, ISO 9001) zishobora kugenzurwa ku mbuga za interineti zemewe.
2. Nigute wahitamo ingano ikwiye ya API 5L Steel Grade ku mushinga wanjye (urugero: X52 vs X65)?
Hitamo umuvuduko w'amashanyarazi, urwego rw'amashanyarazi n'ibidukikije by'umushinga: Ku bijyanye no gukoresha umuvuduko muke (≤3MPa) nko kuhira gazi mu mujyi no mu buhinzi, urwego rwa B cyangwa X42 rurahendutse. Ku bijyanye no kohereza peteroli/gaze mu muvuduko uciriritse (3–7MPa) mu mirima yo ku nkombe (urugero: Texas shale), X52 ni yo nzira ikoreshwa cyane. Ku miyoboro y'amazi ifite umuvuduko mwinshi (≥7MPa) cyangwa imishinga yo mu nkengero z'inyanja (urugero: mu mirima yo mu mazi y'ubujyakuzimu yo muri Brezili), API 5L X65/API 5L X70/API 5L X80kandi birasabwa kugira ngo umusaruro ube mwinshi (448–552MPa). Itsinda ryacu ry’abahanga rizaguha inama y’ubuntu hakurikijwe amakuru y’umushinga wawe.
Amakuru y'aho uherereye
Aderesi
Agace k'inganda ziteza imbere Kangsheng,
Intara ya Wuqing, umujyi wa Tianjin, Ubushinwa.
Terefone
Amasaha
Kuwa mbere-Ku cyumweru: Serivisi y'amasaha 24










